How to write a book

‘In a fog I rewrote and found my voice again – and who I was.’ Talking to playwright, activist and memoirist Karen Malpede

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Karen Malpede’s new release Last Radiance: Radical Lives, Bright Deaths is many things. It’s a theatre memoir in the cultural avant-garde of downtown New York, a grief essay, a polemic about cancer treatment and a love story – of Karen and her actor/producer husband George Bartenieff. But when she first began writing it, she thought it had defeated her.

I wrote a draft of the first chapter soon after George died. It covers the story of my complex, violent yet compelling father and his excruciating death from cancer when he was 44 and I was 19. A few weeks later, I reread the chapter and realized it was awful. I remember lying on my couch, overwhelmed with grief as I was during almost the entire writing of this book, and, suddenly overwhelmed by the pedestrian quality of my writing. I had just lost my great love of 35 years, a brilliant actor/producer who starred in my last 11 plays. Had I also lost my writing voice? Was I truly bereft of everything I had and was?

In a fog, I got up, went to my computer and rewrote the chapter completely, in one sitting. I had found the voice of the book, and it was a passionate, poetic voice, much like the voice of my plays. I wrote myself through my grief. The book was not a cure for grief, but writing was the one thing I could do, other than walk my dog. I was barely eating. I wrote very close to the core; I could not have done otherwise. I was living in extremity.

How did you find the book’s throughline?

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I knew the book’s arc before I began. It was to be a love story about the extraordinary artists I knew who died of cancer, but who lived with a blazing fierceness, creating art and ritual, stimulating community, and exemplifying nonviolent change from the American Civil Rights Movement, the antiwar and ecofeminist movements, to today. The book is both a record of a time gone by and a guidebook for the young actors, writers and activists I now work with. We need to remember our past as we resist the violence of today.  

The book is full of sex, love, stories of the audacious things we did, of the rigors of artistic creations against great odds and the particular intimacies of the conscious deaths of three extraordinary people: Julian Beck, co-founder of the Living Theatre, Barbara Deming, lesbian feminist poet and activist, and George.

What I did not fully understand until I finished the book, and began emerging from the intensity of my grief, is how rich my life has been as an artist, and how many extraordinary people I came to know through my work, who inhabit the pages of this book. We had great adventures together. The play Us, whichI wrote after Julian Beck’s death and dedicated to him, is still a shocker, for its depiction of sexual violence and of Eros. When there is death there has to be sex and I tell that story in the book.

Us brought me to George. We fell in love during rehearsals and we made art together for the next 35 years. The play has just been republished in an anthology, 4 by Malpede plus an Intervention.

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I’ve seen the term ‘narrative medicine‘ used about this book. What is narrative medicine? How does it apply to Last Radiance?

Narrative medicine is a practice of engaging with artistic expressions to help physicians become more aware of their patients’ feelings and of their own.

Dr Rita Charon founded the narrative medicine program at Columbia University’s School of Medicine. In the spring of 2023, she brought her physician students to see my short play Troy Too, which is about Covid, climate change and Black Lives Matter, the murder of George Floyd on the street in Minneapolis (the city ICE agents are currently terrorizing). The repeated refrain linking these three crises is “I can’t breathe”.

Rita and the doctors were deeply moved because the play also dramatized the emotional challenges to the medical profession as they were overwhelmed by a pandemic of a disease they had never before heard of.

Illness is not just medical treatment; illness becomes a big part of the story of a life. Cancer treatments can last a long time. George and I became quite close to his doctor. We learned a lot about him and he learned a lot about us. I tell that complex story in the book. I intend my book to be of use to physicians and to everyone dealing with cancer.

What does drama let you do that prose doesn’t, and vice versa? And true events versus fictional stories?

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I’ve always written nonfiction essays alongside my plays, often related to the research for a play. I wrote a series of articles about torture for the international Torture Magazine during 2011-2013, I staged four productions of Another Life, my surreal, satirical play about the US torture program. I worked with lawyers and journalists who had worked closely with torture victims. During the run-up to the Paris Climate Conference in 2015, where my play Extreme Whether was performed after its first New York production, I wrote a series of online essays about climate change for the Kenyon Review. One was about reading Moby Dick to George. But I had never before written anything as personal as a memoir.

How was that, writing something so personal?

Until I began to work with Melissa Slayton, a talented developmental editor, I did not have much about my own young life in the book. It was about my characters. I came into focus and became one of the central characters during my work on revisions.

People have told me that my book “though it is about death is so alive” (a quote from a reader). I think the book’s “aliveness” comes from my work as a playwright. I know how to write characters that jump off the page. The character I had to learn how to write was myself.

Whether you’re writing prose or drama, what sends you to the page? What are your curiosities and crusades?

What sends me to the page is a sense of injustice and the stories of people hurt by violence who need to heal. Art and literature, whether Picasso’s Guernica or the classical Greek tragic theater, which has influenced me deeply, are ways to address violence and war, but also to suggest mediations or healing and to envision worlds that have not happened yet.

Greek tragedy was created as part of the healing process for combat veterans, who had to attend the annual theater festivals. Robert Jay Lifton, the noted psychiatrist of collective traumas from Vietnam soldiers’ PTSD to Hiroshima and the Holocaust, described my work as a Theatre of Witness.

My work addresses violence by paying attention to the victims of that violence–to how they are seen, heard, comforted and become, again, functioning members of society. My work takes place between characters as they learn and change. I am not interested in violence—violence is cheap and easy and all too prevalent. I am interested in the healing journey of people who have suffered.

In Last Radiance cancer is the great adversary, but my characters are all pacifist protestors who have taken part in the great nonviolent movements of the 20th and 21st centuries—against racism, sexism, violence and environmental degradation. It is in the communities we form that we find the strength and the joy to act against violence in all its forms, including illness, becoming more luminous even until death. These are stories I have told on the stage, which I now tell in personal fashion on the page.

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Trawling your photos on Facebook I found your wedding photo which you shared last year. I was charmed by the caption – ‘Our wedding photo. I just found it. We were casting “The Beekeeper’s Daughter” for its first, and wonderful, performance in Lee Nagrin’s loft space on Bleeker St. And we ran down to City Hall during our lunch break. My daughter (centre) brought us sunflowers (because of our trips to Umbria, surrounded by sunflower fields) and she brought two friends. We had lunch at a Chinese restaurant and went back to work. It was the first production of Theater Three Collaborative Inc’. This moment says so much about theatre as the intense centre of your life – you grabbed some friends at lunchtime, nipped out to marry, had a quick Chinese meal and, newly united, got back to the work.

Perhaps because theatre is a public ritual George and I did not feel the need to make our wedding one. My daughter, Carrie Sophia, who was 14, brought two of her friends along with sunflowers. Lee Nagrin, a great downtown performer, who was in the play, was our adult witness. That’s Lee with us at the back.

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What do you do to unwind?

Whenever I am stuck, I walk my dog. The movement frees my unconscious and often the next sentence appears and I return to my desk.  I live in Fort-Greene-Clinton Hill, Brooklyn, two adjoining neighborhoods that have been inter-racial artists’ communities for decades. There are off-leash hours before 9am. We hang out and begin our days with lots of dogs running about and the interesting people who accompany them. As I now live alone, mornings in the park can often be the most social part of my day.  I also like to cook and give parties, though I stopped after George died except for two large Yahrzeit gatherings. Of course, I go to the theatre and films and I read.

I just saw a pic of you on a horse, and everyone who reads my blog knows I am a devoted horsewoman. So here’s a self-indulgent question to finish with. Tell me about you and horses.

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I was a rider in my youth. When I have travelled to Egypt and England, I have ridden. (I don’t ride in New York, it’s an expensive and labour-intensive sport; and so is the theatre.) I rode in Ecuador last winter. Though I can still sit a horse, I would need serious lessons before my body could obey my instincts again. I do belong to a favorite facebook group called “Still In the Saddle over Seventy” and I relish all the photos of folks and their horses. One talent I have kept from my days of being tossed off of horses, is that I know how to fall. I go limp, and fortunately to date have never broken a bone.

Find Last Radiance, Radical Lives, Bright Deaths here. Find Karen on Facebook and on her website  Theater Three Collaborative where you can find her plays, performances and videos. Top portrait pic by Salem Krieger. Reading pic by Jackie Rudin.

There’s a lot more about writing in my Nail Your Novel books – find them here. If you’re curious about my own work, find novels here and my travel memoir here. And I’m working on new material! Sign up for my newsletter and I’ll send you updates and two new pieces of life writing every month. Here’s my latest. You can subscribe to future updates here.

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How to write a book

Open with panache and also caution – a simple mistake with misdirection that might turn readers off

We always want to grab the reader at the start of a story. But are we grabbing them with the right things? Especially if we’re using misdirection. When does misdirection (which is good) become misrepresentation (which isn’t good)?

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I’m thinking about this because I started watching the Netflix series Untamed, and it committed that very sin. I’ll talk you through.

It began with two climbers high on the El Capitan rockface in Yosemite. We saw one climber nearly slip, and pause to shake cramp out his hand, which was causing him trouble. And he was exhausted. His buddy below looked in better shape and talked gently, keeping the focus on the job. The top climber attempted a move but his hand failed him and he slipped, nearly fell, his buddy arrested his fall with their rope. They recovered, carried on. The hand was still obviously a problem.

As I watched, my mind was racing through the details the storyteller was giving me. Two guys doing a high-risk and precarious activity. One of them fit, the other not. His injured hand might be the death of both of them because we were shown it several times. As well as these setup events, there were themes blazing merrily: wildness; risk; choices; how far one should push oneself if the safety of your buddy is also at risk. I wondered if one climber or both might not make it, whether the story would be about just the survivor or about both, whether we’d be drawn into their social circle, the people who understood these risks and the people who didn’t. Whether this moment was the actual chronological start… or whether it would be the end.

Then, out of the blue, another climber came hurtling down towards them, a dead climber on a rope. She knocked the top guy off, then the other, and eventually they managed to sort themselves out. It was a great scare, but then…

And then… we never saw them again. We diverted completely into a detective story, as the local police tried to find out about the climber who fell, who was obviously murdered. We never went back to the climbers we first met. We were given a completely new set of characters and questions. But my mind was still with the questions from the start. By the end of the episode we still hadn’t returned to those characters or that world and I didn’t continue. (If you have continued with it, you might be about to tell me they do come back and are relevant. But having sat through 48 minutes where they weren’t, I felt I’d given it enough.)

But stories often start with a scenario that isn’t revisited – the ordinary folk who find the body, or sometimes the person who turns out to be the murder victim. It’s a convention in thrillers and crime stories and audiences understand it.

And stories often use misdirection so they can pull a surprise. It’s another accepted technique – and an enjoyable one.

The problem here was the emphasis. We spent a long time with these characters and were invited to get involved with them, especially the climber with the injured hand. It’s the kind of difficulty we naturally get interested in because we can see it’s causing trouble, and stories are about trouble. Moreover, we were shown he was trying to ignore it, which is compelling because that’s even more troublesome, and we begin to wonder about his motives as this behaviour has been foregrounded and is possibly a key aspect of his character. And he may be endangering another person – consequences galore.

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So these details were making us want a story that the narrative wasn’t going to deliver. They got our curiosity revved up for the wrong things, the wrong questions and the wrong world.

We have to remember how readers come into a story. They know nothing. All those first details are very visible and significant. The reader’s mind is untrodden snow and they notice everything you put there. They probably pay more attention here than they do once they’ve settled in – because they’re trying to work out where they are and what’s important.

This means you have to guide them carefully. Give them enough but don’t overwhelm them. Decide what you could keep for later. Get them interested in the important things – the tone of the story, its themes, its people – and make sure they’re the right things.  

This is where misdirection might misfire. Judge it well and your audience is with you. Judge it wrongly and their minds are going somewhere you didn’t intend.

That’s why it’s usually best to finalise the opening when you’ve finalised everything else in your story – because then you know what to emphasise, what feelings to warm up, what thematic antennae to activate, what anticipation to trigger. That’s how powerful an opening is. There’s lots more about story openings in Writing Plots With Drama, Depth & Heart (Nail Your Novel 3). And you can road-test your opening in the Nail Your Novel Workbook.

Don’t make your reader or audience want an experience you’re not going to give them.

Open with panache – but handle with care.

There’s a lot more about writing in my Nail Your Novel books – find them here. If you’re curious about my own work, find novels here and my travel memoir here. And I’m working on new material! Sign up for my newsletter and I’ll send you updates and two new pieces of life writing every month. Here’s my latest. You can subscribe to future updates here.

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How to write a book

Keeping hold of your work-in-progress over Christmas (or nail your novel while nailing your noel)

For all of us with creative work on the go, Christmas and the end-of-year holidays might mean one of two things:

1 Goody! Loads of time to work properly on my book.

2 Gah! Too much to do, too many people to see, no time to work on my book. By January my book and I will be strangers.

If scenario 1 is more likely, how can you make the best use of the quiet? If 2 is looming, can you still salvage some quality book time?

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Actually this post is about both scenarios. If you’re expecting 1, you’ll make better use of it if you prepare. If you’re expecting 2, a plan will save your sanity.

So here’s a set of friendly, do-able practices. And start now. Before the saints of chaos march in.

Make a one-page ‘book at a glance’

A cribsheet can kick-start a sluggish writing brain. It can also help you clarify your thoughts.

Write the essence of the book in two to three sentences. what it’s about emotionally and thematically, not just plot. For instance: ‘Woman in her 40s re-evaluates her life when a sibling’s secret comes out – it’s about loyalty vs self-respect, and who gets to tell the story of a family.’ Consider the tone and promise – do you want it to be funny, gothic, intimate, thrilling, pacey, a daring mix of contradictory qualities that you will somehow knit together? Write all that down. This is your mission for the book, your quick re-entry whenever you snatch a session.

If your aims change as you write these thoughts, great. You’ve just learned something important, and that kind of realisation is never wasted.  

Stop each session in mid-stride

Finish each session in the middle of something. Mid-scene, mid-paragraph, mid-sentence. When you next pick up, your brain will start faster.

Reach into the future

Before you stop the session, write notes about where you will take it next.

‘Ed deletes the voicemail instead of listening. Next up: consequences at the family lunch. Carina is about to open the box. It’s not what she expects – it’s empty, and that’s the point. Aftermath scene needed soon after this.’

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Start each session by reading your handoff notes – where did we leave everyone? What are they uneasy about? If that looks alien and inscrutable, go back to your ‘book at a glance’ cribsheet, reorientate, then start typing.

Reach further into the future with guiding questions

Brainstorm the book’s next longer-term developments. What does your protagonist realise – or risk – in the next three chapters? What choices will they face? (Choices are the engine of drama – there’s loads about this in my plot book.) If you’re stuck, ask yourself this: what is keeping the reader curious? And what do they next want to hear about?

Questions are great if you don’t know what comes next. Your subconscious can chew them over while you peel potatoes, hike across a frosty field or send last-minute e-cards.

Shrink the unit of success

In a normal writing month you might measure success in scenes, chapters or wordcounts. In December you might need to be flexible, but you can still keep a routine.   

Set a goal and make it manageable – perhaps eight or nine meaningful sessions over the 12 days of Christmas.

A session can be as short as you want. Let’s call this a minimum viable practice. Perhaps read one page of your manuscript and add at least one sentence or brainstorm one small element. Often this becomes more, but expect just one then see where you go.

Or try an oblique angle. Spend five minutes jotting notes about a character’s secret, back story or, as it is the season, their worst Christmas.

Riffing further on the Christmas angle, you could put your book into your environment. While watching a film or TV show, ask: if my book were cast from this programme, who would play whom? Notice details around you – light on wet pavement, the peculiar hush after friends go home, the particular sadness (or relief) of 26 December. Ask: Would any of this belong in my book? How would a particular character describe it? Let your brain build associations and bring ideas to you:

Micro-sessions like this will keep your neural pathway to the book open – and possibly yield surprising insights even when you’re looking the other way.

But keep the routine and guard it with the utmost strictness, as you would taking medicine or walking the dog.

Create a diving bell

Your allotted writing time is likely to be short, and distractions may be plentiful. Create a talisman to tell your mind you’re now in book mode. These might be:

  • Specific headphones or music (to see how other writers have used music to help their books along, see The Undercover Soundtrack).
  • A particular coffee mug on your desk.
  • A certain scented candle.
  • A specific item of clothing (or accessory) as your writing skin: a cardigan, scarf, hat, ring, socks.

Use/wear it/them only when working on the book.

Over a few sessions, your body learns: when this is on/lit/playing, we’re in the book. And if you’re hopping between rooms or houses, this is a portable portal into the zone.

On days when you feel too scattered to write, don the item or activate as appropriate, open the manuscript, read half a page, tell yourself: ‘I’ll fix just one sentence’ – and see if you actually stay for longer.

Carry a capture device everywhere

This is a must for me at all times of year, not just Christmas. Don’t rely on remembering something later because it’s so obvious at the time. You won’t. Write it down or record it in some way.

And learn the art of making powerful notes

Making notes is an art. When you look at them again, you don’t just want the idea, you want the essence of why it will work. Here’s a post that explains – how to write down story ideas so you can remember why they were brilliant.

Waking up a book you’ve left for a while

You might have high hopes of finally getting back The Book over Christmas (for instance, if you rattled out a draft for Novel November). You ringfence the time, sit down and… nothing.

Here’s how to hear the book’s heartbeat again.

First, expect to feel foggy – it’s just a phase. Expect to be dissatisfied. Or embarrassed. And disappointed because you wanted to really crack on.

Re-meet the book as a reader. Remind yourself of what you wrote, then work to understand what you have. Do not start editing until you can reinhabit the story.

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How do you do that? Read the book and write the ‘book-at-a-glance’ cribsheet. You might be surprised; you might find the book is about Y, not X. That’s valuable work and will probably be enough to blast you right through the rest of your holiday writing. Then you can go closer, list some scenes you’re enthusiastic to rewrite. Or a missing scene you realise should exist but doesn’t, even if you don’t know where it goes. And again, make use of this unusual period. Write about a character’s feelings about this time of year even if they won’t be in the book – they’re a way to learn their tastes and grudges. Now you’re back in the zone.

And if you’re ready for a detailed revision plan, use the beat sheet in Nail Your Novel (process book and workbook).

Joyeux noeling.

There’s a lot more about writing in my Nail Your Novel books – find them here. If you’re curious about my own work, find novels here and my travel memoir here. And I’m working on new material! Sign up for my newsletter and I’ll send you updates and two new pieces of life writing every month. Here’s my latest. You can subscribe to future updates here.

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How to write a book

‘He seemed to have been born with all the best words’ – remembering Porter Anderson #obituary

When a Facebook post begins ‘I first met…’ and has a picture of someone you knew closely for many years, you feel, with a chill, you already understand the news it’s bringing. 
The death has been announced of Porter Anderson, whose name you might know if you’re in certain parts of the publishing community. 
carview.php?tsp= I first met Porter when I was finding my feet as a novelist. It was 2011. I was about to launch My Memories of a Future Life, my first novel as myself after years of ghostwriting for others. I was self-publishing, not knowing who might like it, but needing to take the leap.
Porter was also making a new start. He’d had been an anchor on CNN, a theatre critic and an actor. He’d done everything, met everyone and now wanted to major in publishing and literature. He wrote columns for online magazines that were smart, full of voice and charm, and enviably effortless. And he liked my blog. 
Then he read Future Life. To my astonishment, he tweeted quotes from it as he went along, almost every line in the book. This guy, who seemed to have been born with more of the best words than most of us, liked my novel. He gave me such confidence.
He lived in Florida. Dave and I saw him many times when he came to London. He was one of the funniest people I ever met. We spent uproarious evenings at our house, feasting, quaffing and laughing until we were in actual pain. He could bring that out of you. Sometimes we did quiet stuff, like an art gallery or the John Soane museum in Lincoln’s Inn, wandering among beautiful things.
Porter and I talked daily in the back corridors of Twitter. Every morning I said hello across the Atlantic. He would already be up and working, at 3am local time, because his restless, productive intellect hardly seemed to sleep. On May 1st in lockdown, I got up at 5.45am to watch the livecast of the May Morning choir from Magdalen College. I messaged Porter. I think you’ll like this – are you there? He was. We watched it together. 
He spent a lot of time on flights. We both were endlessly delighted by the miracle of being in a machine, speeding through the air. One time he sent a message when his plane was over Greenland. That became one of our rituals – the check-in over Greenland.
He had a novel in the works, which he wrote about on one of my blogs. This essay then spawned my long-running series The Undercover Soundtrack. You can see from the piece how his mind worked and what the novel might have been. He said he’d send it my way when it was ready for an editor, but now this might be our only glimpse. 
Here’s Porter (left) with Dave. 
Goodnight, Porter. Safe flight. Check on Greenland for me.  carview.php?tsp=

This story first appeared in my newsletter. Find the full edition here.

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How to write a book

‘The metaphor arrived… and I worked to make sense of it’: talking to memoirist Jocelyn Jane Cox

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I love the genre of memoir. It might be a straightforward A to B in a person’s life; or a braid of diverse strands that makes meaning, sense and a unique narrative journey. An example of the latter is Jocelyn Jane Cox’s new release Motion Dazzle: A Memoir of Motherhood, Loss, and Skating on Thin Ice. I began by asking: how do all those parts fit together?

I worked hard to stitch together the seemingly disparate themes of new motherhood, eldercare, figure skating and…zebras. My mother passed away from dementia and other health complications on my son’s first birthday, the day I was hosting a zebra-themed party for him at our house. While I was becoming a mother and losing my own, I drew on the strengths I’d learned as a competitive figure skater (for 11 years) and coach (for over 20 years). The sport serves as a backdrop to Motion Dazzle.

What prompted you to write this memoir? And why now?

The metaphor that zebras embody – the sense of opposition embedded in their black and white stripes – arrived in my brain and in my heart almost immediately after my mother’s death. I knew my son’s birthday would, for me, always contain darkness and light, pain and celebration. I started writing the book about seven years later.  It was deep in the pandemic and my priorities were shifting. I decided to pivot away from my career as a skating coach and focus on writing full time, a pursuit that had always (to my frustration) been on the side. At this point, I was not only ready to sift through the events, I was yearning to. On the page, I reacquainted myself with my amazing mother, the person she was before dementia took over.

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Because I’ve been around the writing world for a long time, I’ve come across numerous comparisons between writing and almost any other human activity. For you, is writing at all like figure skating, or indeed motherhood, and if so, how?

Writing turns out to be a lot like coaching skating. Coaches are always trying to figure out new ways to explain technical concepts, new ways to relate to an athlete, and new approaches for handling family dynamics. With my skating students, I had a bag full of analogies, jokes and ever-changing explanations that I doled out on a daily basis. I think coaching and teaching anything effectively is a creative act.

As an athlete, every day of training is an act of revision. It’s extremely repetitive, and like writing, requires a great deal of stamina and patience, not to mention mental toughness to withstand all the disappointment and falling, aspects of the sport I see as akin to rejection for writers. And yes, I’ve found that motherhood also requires endurance and creative thinking.

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I see your early skating partner was your brother, which makes me want to ask about trust and working relationships. I’ve seen pictures of you both in action and I am in awe. In writing we need to develop trusting bonds with beta readers and editors so that we can share our very personal work. This also means we have to be willing to show our mistakes so we can eventually fulfil our potential. What’s your take on this?

I love this question and haven’t really thought of this before, so thank you. Since my brother was lifting me into the air, every moment on the ice was a game of trust. I did have faith in my brother, and since he was five years older than I was, I was kind of in awe of him, but I learned the hard way that, despite his best efforts, he couldn’t always catch me and couldn’t always protect me in my falls. The fact that his mistakes could impact me greatly was an early lesson in human fallibility (pun intended) and our ultimate lack of control.

Many years ago, I was ecstatic to work with an excellent agent for a previous memoir (entirely about my skating experience with my brother). When she ultimately couldn’t place the book, I was devastated, but also understood that she’d done everything she could. It wasn’t her fault,  it wasn’t the fault of the editors she was sending it to or even the fault of “the industry”. It wasn’t my fault either; that book simply wasn’t meant to be in the world, but it did carve the path to this one. Over the years, I’ve been able to take rejection less personally and simultaneously develop more faith in myself and my own power to make things happen in my career.    

Memoir is perhaps the most demanding of all the writing genres, often requiring us to learn about ourselves and to open difficult places. How was it for you?

With an MFA in fiction and having written many short stories, I know the particular thrill of creating something out of nothing, and how the imagination can take flight. The joy of nonfiction and personal writing for me is the opposite: going deeper, traveling within, and making meaning of those lived experiences. I enjoyed seeing what I could discover about the events and the people who had shaped me.

Drafting what would become Motion Dazzle induced a lot of tears and provided a huge emotional release. It was a process of healing and giving myself grace. I discovered that, in different chapters of my life, I was actually far stronger than I thought I was at the time. I have also been in therapy with the same therapist for over 25 years which has been an amazing process, for which I am very grateful. But writing a memoir provides the opportunity to pull everything together with a creative energy, to harness some magic and let ideas refract off of each other in interesting (and hopefully illuminating) ways.

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Memoir also requires us to write about real people. How did you approach this? Did you ask permission of the people who feature?
I vetted the book with my brother, my husband, my father and a few other key “characters”. Without their blessing, I wouldn’t have attempted publication. I did change a few names for privacy.

What about your son – how does he feature and how does he feel about this?
My son is now 12 and seems to be enjoying the whole concept (he suited up in an inflatable zebra for my local launch party). He has read the first page and listened to a few snippets of the audio book, but I don’t think he’s ready to fully experience it yet. I want him to gravitate toward it whenever the time is right for him. Of course, my mother is no longer here to give her blessing and I just have to trust that I’ve made the right decision to share our story. To me, she is an inspiration as a woman and as a mother. The fact that readers have now seen and acknowledged this makes my heart sing.

How much did you rework and redraft? Did the structure and arcs come easily or was it a long process of discovery?

I wrote the first draft in nine months then spent the next four years re-working it at least 14 times (or maybe more! I started to lose count). I had the help of 20 beta readers. I wrote a “story of a day” then went back into the past intermittently – that was a structure I decided on immediately and it has remained. At first, the backstory pieces were arranged randomly and I worked over time to make those slightly more (but not completely) chronological. For this re-arrangement, I relied heavily on a beautiful invention called the Post-it note.

You recorded the audiobook yourself. How was that experience?
I enjoyed the recording process and am so glad I had the opportunity to tell my story in my own voice. That said, it is somewhat gruelling, emotionally and physically (for the throat and the voicebox).

Do you have any advice for authors who are considering recording their own audiobooks?
I recommend taking lots of breaks for water, tea and lozenges during recording sessions. If your studio can accommodate it, try to schedule it so that you have at least a day between sessions. This gives the brain and the voice time to recover. I know a few authors who have attempted the recording on their own at home: this allows you to pace it out however you’d like.  

You work with writers. What kind of writers?

Though I taught fiction writing when I first got out of graduate school in 1999, and continued to help people with their work informally, I mostly helped people reach their goals on the ice. I enjoyed that role immensely, but gradually became tired of the before-school, after-school, and Saturday morning hours. Pivoting to book coaching and back to teaching writing has been exciting. I know a lot more than I did 26 years ago: I lived more life, read more books (and craft books), then of course grappled with my own book(s). I now work with a range of writers in a range of genres through classes and also one-on-one. I particularly enjoy helping people tell their own stories and consider it to be important work, as it leads all of us to further understanding, compassion and connection. 

You’ve also written a guide for beginner skaters. How did that come about?

First Day on the Ice: Tips from a Professional Skating Coach and Mom started as an article in the lead up to the 2018 Winter Olympics. I found I had a lot more to say than would fit in an article! So I re-imagined it as a book, asked my husband to design a cover, and self-published it. It’s basically everything I would tell new students (and their parents) during those first few days in the rink, in the hopes that it will be a positive experience. Writing this 27-page book was relatively easy for me. I recommend that anyone who has an area of real expertise consider writing a book, even a small how-to book like this.  

Are any of your family in the creative arts? How did writing start for you?

My mother’s aunt and namesake, Agnes Jane, was a painter in Canada, and while I never met her, my mother spoke very fondly of her and we have a few of her oil paintings. I think her creativity had a huge influence on my mother who wasn’t officially an artist, but brought artistry and creativity to everything she did – whether composing a meal, putting together an outfit, or doodling intricate designs on the notepad by the phone in our kitchen during almost every call. I know her creativity has seeped into me.

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My father has always been an amazing storyteller. He used to tell me suspenseful bedtime stories that had me enthralled.

My husband Rob Strati is a visual artist –  it has been fascinating to watch his process, compare notes over the years, and support each other in pursuing our dreams.

His latest series, Fragmented, was inspired by a plate of my mother’s that broke. I couldn’t bring myself to throw the biggest shard away and he ended up imagining what kind of beauty can follow from a tragedy, or a break.   

What are you writing next? Would you ever write fiction?

It’s possible I will eventually gravitate back to fiction. I also have a book of creative nonfiction and essays mid-process that I’m excited to get back to. I suspect that this time away from it, while focussing on promoting Motion Dazzle, will inform that project.   

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Do you still skate?

I don’t skate any more and I do sometimes miss it, but I’ve restructured my life in a way that doesn’t allow any time for it. My son can skate but he prefers playing soccer. My husband doesn’t skate but he did lace up in order to propose to me centre ice at Rockefeller Centre in Manhattan. That was one of the most magical and full-circle moments of my life and one of my favourite scenes to write for the book.   

Find Motion Dazzle here. Find Jocelyn on her website, Facebook and Substack.

There’s a lot more about writing in my Nail Your Novel books – find them here. If you’re curious about my own work, find novels here and my travel memoir here. And I’m working on new material! Sign up for my newsletter and I’ll send you updates and two new pieces of life writing every month. Here’s my latest. You can subscribe to future updates here.

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How to write a book

The quiet beginning – one trick to keep the reader’s attention

Starting a story is always a challenge. You have to do a lot at once, but not too much. Don’t overwhelm the reader, don’t confuse, don’t info-dump, don’t send misleading signals, don’t lose the reader’s interest.  

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Sometimes you can start in medias res. Get to the action fast. Open with a murder, or a character on the brink of something life-changing, or a character coming in late and trying to learn about everything, so the reader is in step with them (detective fiction is an example).

But that kind of beginning can be too abrupt and lairy for some kinds of narrative. What if you want to start in a quieter register, show the everyday before stirring in the trouble? There are pitfalls with this kind of opening. Most notably, how do you keep the reader interested? 

I’m thinking about this because I recently watched a film that began this way. We met a father and son who were going about their normal. A rich father in a country house, a son who runs the family business in the city. The father is infirm and a bit cranky. The dialogue was mainly exposition, intended only to convey information about their circumstances.

The next scene followed the same pattern. It introduced another character who was coming to work for the family, as carer for the father. Again, it was flat exposition. I began to feel like I was being given a memory test.

Something important was missing. I asked myself, what is it? What am I looking for, and not being given?

I was looking for the thing that told me: this scene isn’t as quiet as it looks. This status quo isn’t stable and agreeable. There are cracks.

I was looking for discomfort.

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Discomfort can be small scale. If we’re seeing a routine family situation, it might be a signal that something is quietly fraying. That tension can stay in its box until something happens to let it grow and emerge. It is perfect for the quiet beginning because quiet is its nature. You can show this with hints. Perhaps your viewpoint character is relieved when an encounter is over, or they take a long walk on their own to decompress. Perhaps the discomfort comes from another direction – of fearing that something happy is about to end, that paradise might be lost. Or perhaps it’s a character who doesn’t fit in, in their deepest soul. In a story that starts at subtle volume, this is the bat signal.

In my characters book and my plot book, I talk about characters and their comfort zones. Characters in a story will have different tolerances for all manner of ‘everyday’ things, and if we consider these we can build characters who feel like real individuals. I also talk about discomfort zones, where characters don’t want to go in their emotions or reactions, and which lead to interesting story situations.

So if you want to begin your story with your characters’ typical and normal, choose a situation that can include a note of strain, instability, unease. It doesn’t have to be overtly acknowledged as a problem by the character. They might be coping with it, or they might not yet have realised what it is. But the reader will notice and be curious. Where will this go? (Also in my plot book, I talk about the 4 Cs of a great story. One of them is curiosity – the reader’s need to know what happens next.) 

When devising your note of discomfort, remember this: readers cling to information they’re shown early on. The discomfort you show creates expectations about the whole story arc and the eventual ending. Perhaps the discomfort is a gateway to something bigger. Perhaps it’s resolved or exorcised. Perhaps it is not. If the latter, the story should in some way acknowledge that the lack of resolution is deliberate, not an omission. This discomfort is part of the initial contract with the reader; it’s why they stayed with you. It must, in some way, be dealt with through the rest of the story.

When beginning a story in a quiet register, plant a note of discomfort. Because that’s what your reader is looking for.

There’s a lot more about writing in my Nail Your Novel books – find them here. If you’re curious about my own work, find novels here and my travel memoir here. And I’m working on new material! Sign up for my newsletter and I’ll send you updates and two new pieces of life writing every month. Here’s my latest. You can subscribe to future updates here.

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How to write a book

Burnout to breakthrough to memoir: how Rachael Wesley rediscovered writing

Rachael Wesley spent nearly a decade pouring her heart into teaching, until burnout forced her to rediscover her first love: writing. Her debut memoir Second Set Chances weaves together life-changing coincidences, the cost of living authentically and the shared community to be found in the fandom of a band called Phish.

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Second Set Chances encapsulates my identity as a fan of the band Phish, but also covers six months of stumbling my way toward a more genuine and happy life – and finding home – while constantly questioning the cost of it.

I’ve wanted to be an author since I was seven years old, so publishing this book is a lifelong dream come true.

What were the personal circumstances you drew on for the book?

In 2013, I’d just returned to my Pennsylvania hometown after three years of teaching English in South Korea and I was anything but fulfilled. I didn’t like where I lived. I hated that I hadn’t really started my career. And my marriage wasn’t a happy one. So I planned for a life reset in Las Vegas.

Then I took my wedding ring off before a Phish concert and randomly ran into an old college buddy, a former crush I hadn’t see in over eight years, right before the start of the second set. The memoir title captures that random run-in, as well as the coincidences that happen in our everyday life.

What’s special about Phish for you?

How much space do I have?

 I graduated high school in 2000. I had a lot of friends and zero self-esteem. It was the product of undiagnosed anxiety and depression, an identity crisis and some significant bullying. I tried to fit in with the popular kids. Dressing like they do. Listening to the music they liked. Engaging in their activities. But it never felt like the real me and it showed in how awkward I was. I never had a boyfriend while all my friends dated or were in long (for a teenager) relationships.

And then I stumbled into the jam community. I went to see Bob Dylan, who was opening for some dude named Phil Lesh and his friends. Why wasn’t Dylan the headliner? Well, as soon as Phil’s music started, I learned why. Phil was a founding member and bassist for the Grateful Dead. He played mostly their music at that show.

I was enchanted by the community. I loved how brightly dressed everyone was. How friendly and welcoming they were. I didn’t feel self-conscious at all.  Afterward, I walked through a makeshift bazaar, with people peddling food, jewellery and drugs. What was this weird and wonderful thing?

I decided I wanted to explore this hippie lifestyle, and that led me to Phish. Phish has a similar fan base to the Grateful Dead, though their music, while still very much a jam band, is quite different. Jam bands rely heavily on improvisation, like jazz. Any of the songs they jam—played outside of the composed chords— will never be the same twice. Phish has hundreds of songs and they switch up their set list every concert, which means no two shows are ever alike. Their fans travel from show to show, following the band’s tour as they play around the country.

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I believe the band – or some of their fans – got involved with the book publicity. Did you seek the publicity or did it happen some other way?

Having a shared obsession can automatically cement you into friendship with others. You hang out at the same places, share other hobbies, have mutual friends. There’s an intrinsic support system. If I need to buy something, or am looking for any type of help, I reach out to the Phish community first, because you want to support a fellow fan (phan). So, when I had my book release party, I threw it at a Denver brewery owned by phans. I’ve been on Phish-related podcasts and my book has been reviewed for a Phish-related magazine. Fellow phans will show pictures of themselves reading my book on social media. I’m getting chills just writing this. It really is the most beautiful thing, this community.

You used to be a teacher, didn’t you?

It was a career I entered unintentionally. My undergrad is in English. My plan was to work in publishing, ideally editing, and write the next great American novel. But then the opportunity to teach English in South Korea fell in my lap, and I couldn’t say no to that (the living abroad part, not the teaching). Having no formal education in teaching and very little experience working with children, I was a disaster at first. But once I got the hang of it, I fell in love with the profession.

Working with kids is a blast and teaching is one of the most rewarding things I’ve ever done. I went back to school for my master’s in education and poured my heart and soul into teaching first and second grade for nearly a decade, completely forgoing my writing dreams so I could be the best teacher possible.

But you eventually burned out – tell us what happened.

Education in America is a mess. Funding is dreadful and our students have so many needs. When I got into education, I set out to save the world (face palm, I was so naive), teaching in schools on the lower end of the socio-economic spectrum. Many of my students had experienced jaw-dropping trauma. Six-year-olds who were being raised by grandma or another family member because their single parent died of alcoholism or was in prison or was a drug addict. So how do they handle and regulate their emotions? They can’t. A lot of them are disruptive or violent, and who can blame them? They’ve experienced things that would have wrecked me as an adult, let alone a child.

But my reality was this. I had several students prone to outbursts and, in the middle of a lesson, any one of them would begin smashing desks and chairs. Safety was my biggest priority. I would evacuate the classroom to another room and try to continue teaching while our classroom was being torn apart. This happened every day, many times more than once a day, and my administration provided minimal support. I experienced a contradiction of feelings. Empathy yet compassion fatigue and guilt that my class wasn’t receiving the education they deserved because I couldn’t get through a lesson without a blowup. Meanwhile, my admin was demanding I deliver.

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I left traditional teaching in 2018 a burned-out mess and began to teach reading intervention. I worked a 40 hour week instead of 60 and rediscovered my first love, writing.

Do you have a day job now?

At the start of the year my husband received this incredible work opportunity that required us to relocate from Denver, Colorado to Abu Dhabi in the United Arab Emirates. It was rough having to close out our Colorado chapter. We loved the life we built there. But now I get to focus on my writing full time. It’s really exciting for me and the timing of it, with my first book published in April, is yet another beautiful life coincidence.

Are you working on another book?

I just finished a (very sloppy) first draft of my next manuscript, a work of fiction.

What do you do to unwind? I see a golden dog and lots of hiking in your Facebook pictures… Tell me what those mean to you.

Abu Dhabi is quite different from Denver and we’re still in the settling phase. Denver was the perfect place for my beloved hobbies. Hiking. Seeing live music. Being outside. My mental health is quite demanding, and these activities help me maintain at a functional baseline. The fresh air and movement surrounded by nature, or dancing at a show surrounded by loved ones. These things make me feel most alive.

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Now I live in a place where everyone is trapped indoors for three or four months out of the year because the sun and humidity are trying to kill you. My mental health plummets just thinking of that.

While I lost my beloved Rocky Mountains, I did gain the Arabian Gulf, and I do love the beach and the water. We also brought our dog. I’m a 43-year-old childfree dog lady, meaning I’m obsessed with him.

The point of all this is, if my head space is funky, I’m not productive. My mood dictates my life. If my anxiety or depression are flaring, I’m not writing. My hobbies help me to be able to write.

I’ve also seen several pictures of you next to a black-and-white cardboard figure that looks very like you. I sense a story there.

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That’s me at 20, a brand new crunchy, groovy try-hard hippie. I was interning at The Weekender that summer, one of Northeast Pennsylvania’s weekly arts and entertainment publications. They needed someone for the cover of their festival edition. It was an honour they chose me, but why, why oh why did I dress like that?

When we were planning my book launch, a friend joked I should get cutouts of myself made for the party. And really, how could I not? Twenty-year-old me would be amazed at what her future-43-year-old self has done with her life.

What authors you like to read? I notice on one of your FB pics that Ann Patchett’s Bel Canto is in your stacks. That’s one of my favourite novels. It’s such a beautiful, affirming idea, like a fairy tale.

I haven’t read Bel Canto yet, but I loved Tom Lake and The Dutch House.

I read almost strictly paper books. I am a tactile person and love the feel and smell of a book. Turning pages. Seeing how much I’ve read or how much I have left to go. Though many of my book nerd friends insist that an E reader changes the game for the better, I refuse.

I read multiple genres, though my favourites are contemporary and historical fiction. I can list so many authors I love, but it may be shorter to tell you some of my favourite reads of the year. Wild Dark Shore by Charlotte McConaghy is, hands down, my best book of 2025. I read it in May, and I still think about it weekly. The Wedding People by Alison Espach made for such a great character study. I plan on using that as a model text as I tackle the next draft of my new fiction manuscript. I recently read Jane and Dan at the End of the World, and I laughed my way through it. It was my first Colleen Oakley and now I need to read everything she’s written. Tell Them You Lied by Laura Leffler is such a smart thriller. I always said I wasn’t a fan of thrillers. Turns out I am, but it needs to be well written. Leffler’s book made me realize that.

Find Second Set Chances here. Find Rachael on Facebook

There’s a lot more about writing in my Nail Your Novel books – find them here. If you’re curious about my own work, find novels here and my travel memoir here. And I’m working on new material! Sign up for my newsletter and I’ll send you updates and two new pieces of life writing every month. Here’s my latest. You can subscribe to future updates here.

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How to write a book

Why marketing your book is selling your soul – in a good way

One of the projects I’ve worked on recently is a guide to book marketing by the Alliance of Independent Authors. It has been an eye-opener.

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I thought I knew the basics of book marketing – choose the right keywords in book listings, figure out your genre, find some recent books that are like yours and track down their readers. All that is true, but it’s also dispiriting for authors who feel they don’t fit those tick-boxes. I’m one of those authors; this I know.

And more and more of us are bending genre boundaries (see my previous post on sci-fi that isn’t sci-fi and fantasy that isn’t fantasy), or flexing their literary muscles in a range of formats. A memoirist might now also write novels, a poet might also write picture-books. For polymath authors (me again), marketing our books is not straightforward.

Marketing also isn’t straightforward if your production rate is slow. (Me yet again.) While authors with fast output can generate momentum with a rapid schedule of releases, those of us who publish every few years are left standing in their dust. Or maybe we’re not.

Here’s what I learned while working on this book. If you’re one of those ‘might do anything’ writers, or a ‘take your time’ writer, you can still build a following and a readership. You do it by being your authentic self. Your inner life is where your art comes from, and that is constant, across everything you do. When you tweet, Facebook, Bluesky, blog, write your newsletters, you show what makes you Tik (with or without the Tok, as you wish). You show what your soul is made of. And that’s what makes people want to read you.

How do you do that? I’m explaining in this podcast with Orna Ross at the Alliance of Independent Authors – Marketing that puts the author first. Do come over.

There’s a lot more about writing in my Nail Your Novel books – find them here. If you’re curious about my own work, find novels here and my travel memoir here. And I’m working on new material! Sign up for my newsletter and I’ll send you updates and two new pieces of life writing every month. Here’s my latest. You can subscribe to future updates here.

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How to write a book

The Le Guin Prize and the lost continent of imaginative fiction

The 2025 Ursula K Le Guin Prize for Fiction is about to be awarded. It’s for works that are categorised as ‘imaginative fiction’ – they have elements of science fiction and fantasy, but also of literary.

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What does this look like? Everyone has their own description. Here’s mine: they bend reality, maybe slightly, maybe a lot. It might be a dystopian element, a touch of magic, the supernatural or an invention that would be impossible with the science we have right now. Then they explore to see what it tells us about the human condition.

It’s a kind of book I like a great deal (Thomas Glavinic’s Night Work, Ray Bradbury’s Fahrenheit 451). I write them too – My Memories of a Future Life, Lifeform Three.

These books are often between conventional genres and for a long time, this has been troublesome. Once upon a time, we could publish books without labels at all. Virginia Woolf’s Orlando, Franz Kafka’s Metamorphosis, Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein and Sylvia Townsend Warner’s Lolly Willowes. They were simply literature.

But now there are so many books in the world, readers can’t possibly look at everything and so the publishing industry prefers well-defined categories. Romance, fantasy, science fiction, crime, literary. That’s great if they’re accurate. But if you’re a writer who colours outside the lines, they can be a curse. If you add a sprinkle of fantasy or futurism to your nuanced exploration of humanity and society, you are still called fantasy or science fiction. Thus you disappoint the people who want the ever-popular elves, dragons, orcs, objects and medieval-style kingdoms, or space wars and interplanetary epics. You also get the side-eye from people who’ve grown to dislike fantasy and science fiction because they want real human richness.

Margaret Atwood has famously resisted the label ‘science fiction’ for The Handmaid’s Tale despite clear SF elements. She prefers to be called ‘speculative fiction’. Kazuo Ishiguro, when he published The Buried Giant, told the New York Times he was worried: ‘Will readers follow me into this? Will they understand what I’m trying to do, or will they be prejudiced against the surface elements? Are they going to say this is fantasy?’

Ishiguro’s novel contained dragons, ogres, knights and Arthurian legend but was published by literary imprints, not fantasy publishers, and shelved in literary fiction despite the genre elements. He explained that he used the Dark Ages setting because ‘nobody knows what the hell was going on. It’s a blank period of British history’ — he wanted to explore collective memory and how warrior societies cope with traumatic events through the ‘mist’ of forgetting. His novel Klara and the Sun, featuring an AI protagonist in a dystopian future, was similarly marketed as literary fiction despite clear science fictional elements. Reviews called it ‘sci-fi for people who hate the genre’, and noted Ishiguro ‘has zero interest in the science’. Instead he’s writing about ‘the emotions, thoughts, wants, needs’.

In my own novel Lifeform Three, I also used artificial humans and an undefined future with elements of dystopia. But I was more interested in, as those reviewers have said of Ishiguro, the emotions that drive our behaviour in this setting. In Lifeform Three it’s how we treat creatures we think we can control, how we treat outsiders, the nature of memory, identity, and what makes something ‘alive’.

(I will add that I was also interested in the science, to make a world that was plausible. Ten years on, many of my projected developments are actually happening –the all-pervading use of apps and spyware, making robots of us and forcing us to fit tick-boxes. It is enabled by SF inventions, but the interest is in the way people use those inventions.)

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How else could we define this non-fantasy use of fantasy, and the non-SF use of SF? I find it’s a tool to change the rules of the world. (Jose Saramago’s Blindness: what if all the world went blind, except for one person?’)

I also feel the science fiction or fantasy element is a question, a metaphor. Where, in our inner lives, does this idea resonate? If you show a person their next incarnation, how does it make them evaluate their life now? (My Memories of a Future Life). Even if you’re not that person in that crisis, what questions does it raise about the patterns we repeat, time after time, and the things our simple souls are yearning for? The speculative element serves the psychological exploration, not the other way around.

This talk of labels, though,  isn’t about whether fantasy or science fiction can be literary or ‘serious’. And everyone is serious about the fiction they like; as they absolutely should be. We enjoy what we enjoy.  But I would like to find a term that lets us reclaim fantasy’s original breadth as a way of asking serious questions about reality itself.

We’ve got some good terms now. Speculative fiction (as worn by Ms Atwood), cross-genre, slipstream and interstitial fiction. And the Le Guin Prize is giving us one more – imaginative fiction. To me, these names are saying don’t come to this with genre preconceptions. Expect the unconventional. Come to this book, settle in, and see where this author, with their unique craft and mind, will take you.  

More about the Le Guin prize here.

There’s a lot more about writing in my Nail Your Novel books – find them here. If you’re curious about my own work, find novels here and my travel memoir here. And I’m working on new material! Sign up for my newsletter and I’ll send you updates and two new pieces of life writing every month. Here’s my latest. You can subscribe to future updates here.

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How to write a book

Plan smart, write fast, finish strong: my guide to writing a novel in 30 days

Soon it will be NaNoWriMo time!

The official National Novel-Writing Month (NaNoWriMo) organisation closed earlier this year, but the writing world is still hard wired to Nano in November, come what may.

(What’s NaNoWriMo? A worldwide event where the aim is to write a work of 50,000 words in just the 30 days of November.)

This year there are several official alternatives, if you like to be official. Uncle Google will help you find them. But you can just as easily go it alone.

However you choose to do it, here are some principles for getting it done.

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My core principles for writing a draft in 30 days

You need structure – and also flexibility. You need preparation – so you know where you’re going. You need momentum, which comes from preparation. You need leeway to make discoveries along the way as you learn about the characters.

And you also need forgiveness – your manuscript will be rough, but that’s fine. The point is, after the 30 days, you have a whole chunk of work that can become your next book. Or maybe your first.

1. Prepare in advance (don’t wait for Day 1)

  • Do your research early. Research will start your ideas engine. And you won’t need to stop the writing to chase down a fact.  
  • Plan your outline (to the degree you need). Whether you love detailed plotting or prefer to discover as you go, you still need a basic story skeleton. Here’s a post about that. And another here.  
  • Define your lure. What will hook the reader (and you) from the start? It might be a dilemma, a strange event, a moral injustice, or a character in crisis.
  • Sketch your characters. You don’t need complete biographies, but know enough (habits, relationships, conflicts) to avoid stalling mid-draft.

2. Use a ‘just enough’ outline (not too rigid, not too little)

You need structure, but you also need creative wiggle room. Here are the bones:

  1. What is the lure, as mentioned above?
  2. What do the characters want (their motivations)?
  3. What’s the inciting change that kicks off the story?
  4. How does the drama escalate over time and why can’t the characters walk away?
  5. Where will you surprise the reader (but play fair)?
  6. How do characters’ goals shift and take them to new places? Make these your structural turning points: quarter, midpoint, three-quarter, even if you aren’t strictly doing a three-act plot.
  7. What resolution or change must the ending deliver?

3. Go through the structure again and look for escalation

  • The plot must deepen; the price of failure must grow.
  • Your characters’ goals and desires must evolve.
  • You must surprise your reader (and yourself), but make sure your surprises are fair and consistent with earlier story logic.

4. Check on your character friction, relationships, lifelike details

The most compelling story moments often emerge from conflict between characters, alliances and misunderstandings.

  • Know how characters relate — who clashes, who connects, where tensions lie. And where that could change. (Change is the story.)
  • Make them live – for the reader and also for you. Give them small, mundane traits or hobbies. These help ground them and act as levers you can pull in scenes.

5. When you’re writing, trust the process and type

This is a first draft. It’s okay (even desirable) to be messy.

  • Accept that you will write bad sentences. The plot logic may sometimes be sloppy. Some scenes will be underdeveloped. If a scene is really bothering you, make a note (or perhaps a comment) to give it proper attention at revision time. The point of NaNo is to get something down. (This is a key concept in Nail Your Novel: Why Writers Abandon Books & How You Can Draft, Fix & Finish With Confidence.)
  • If you need to do extra research, write placeholder text that will be easy to find such as [findout] and tackle it at revision time.

You’re concentrating on momentum rather than trying to be elegant and presentable. There will be clumsy bits. But sometimes you’ll channel passages that are surprisingly gripping and powerful, that will stay all the way to the final version.

6. Build a support system and accountability

  • Although NaNoWriMo itself is no more, its ghost and successors will be thriving. If you want support, look for forums, Facebook groups, Discord groups and declare your participation.
  • Celebrate small wins (daily word goals, reaching milestones) to keep motivation alive.

7. Mindset: this is about habit and finishing

NaNo is more than just hitting 50,000 words. It’s a chance to:

  • Build or reinforce a daily writing habit.
  • Train yourself to finish a first draft (however flawed), something many writers struggle with.
  • Remember that even if the draft is rough, you now have something you can fix and polish. That’s a lot more use to you than a blank file.
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Prompts to keep you productive during the writing

Week 1 – The lure and launch

Purpose: Hook yourself and your reader. Set up desire, danger or mystery.

Prompts:

  • Begin here. What single question or dilemma would make a reader lean forward? What happens if…?
  • What’s the moment that throws your protagonist off balance? They thought life was normal until…
  • What’s your character’s secret fear or wound that will quietly shape every choice?
  • Include one scene that captures both what they want and what’s missing, even if (especially if) they don’t yet recognise it.
  • End the first week with a clear sense of your story’s direction of travel.

Week 2 – Raise the stakes and deepen characters

Purpose: The story must grow teeth. Conflicts complicate.
Caution! Once the setup is done, writers often lose heart. But this is the point where the reader settles in and becomes most invested.

Prompts:

  • Who or what can make your protagonist’s goal harder? Add a rival, ticking clock or internal doubt.
  • What’s the hidden cost of chasing their goal? What will they have to sacrifice, morally, materially or emotionally?
  • Who changes because of what’s happening — a friend, an enemy?
  • Introduce a scene where the protagonist’s assumption about their situation – or the whole world – is proven wrong.
  • Surprise yourself, surprise the reader. What unexpected thing might your characters do under pressure?

Look for friction. That doesn’t always mean fights; explore the friction between competing needs.

Week 3 –begin with a midpoint reversal

Purpose: Keep the story alive with a major shift or revelation.

Prompts:

  • What new truth, clue, or betrayal flips your protagonist’s understanding of their situation?
  • How do they react — denial, rebellion, collapse or courage?
  • How far have they fallen or grown?
  • Write a scene where your protagonist thinks they’ve won — but it’s actually a seed of disaster.
  • Ask: what if the very thing they wanted turns out to be the wrong thing?

Midpoints are powerful because they re-aim the story. Make bold moves here.

Week 4 – the race to resolution

Purpose: Intensify. Bring emotional and narrative threads to crisis, conclusion and aim it all into new beginnings.

Prompts:

  • What’s the worst possible consequence if they fail now?
  • Who will betray or abandon them at the key moment — and who will stay?
  • What truth or flaw must they finally face?
  • How can you echo your opening scene – but in a transformed way?
  • End with an action or choice that feels inevitable but surprising.

Resolution isn’t about tidying up; it’s about revealing the cost of what’s been learned. And the new way ahead.

Quickfire block busters for any day you’re stuck

Some days it’s harder to start than others. Here are ideas to get the keys rattling again.

  • Someone reveals a secret by accident.
  • A small, ordinary object gains new meaning.
  • A plan goes perfectly until it doesn’t.
  • The protagonist overhears something not meant for them.
  • An unexpected kindness changes the tone of a chapter.
  • The weather, setting, or time of day mirrors emotion (or sharply contrasts it).
  • Examine the lie your protagonist tells most often — to others or to themselves.
  • Examine who wants to impress someone — and why.
  • Write a moment of humiliation. If it’s in the past, how does that echo now?
  • What do a character long to say but never dares?
  • Introduce a deadline.
  • Add a misunderstanding.
  • Bring two characters together who least want to meet.

Ask these questions when you feel lost:

  1. What’s the protagonist trying to do right now?
  2. What’s the obstacle?
  3. How does this scene move the story’s emotional arc forward?
  4. What’s at stake if they fail — emotionally, socially, physically?
  5. Have the stakes risen since the last major turn?

And here are some mindset reminders

  • You’re not writing a finished book today. You’re writing words.
  • If you don’t know, guess — your subconscious often knows before you do.
  • Editing is where you make art. Drafting is where you mine the ore.

Prepare, then let your fingers fly.

There’s a lot more about writing in my Nail Your Novel books – find them here. If you’re curious about my own work, find novels here and my travel memoir here. And I’m working on new material! Sign up for my newsletter and I’ll send you updates and two new pieces of life writing every month. Here’s my latest. You can subscribe to future updates here.

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