Requires Ruby
3.4.1or higher, and Bundler
git clone https://github.com/figgleforth/ore-lang.git
cd ore-lang
bundle install
bundle exec bin/ore examples/hello.ore # => Hello, Ore!Example code from examples/hello.ore:
Greet {
subject;
new { subject;
./subject = subject
}
greeting {;
"Hello, |subject|!"
}
}
Greet('Ore').greeting()
- Naming conventions replace keywords
Capitalizeclasseslowercasevariables and functionsUPPERCASEconstants
- Class composition replaces inheritance
|Union - merge classes (left side wins conflicts)&Intersection - keep only shared declarations~Difference - discard right side declarations^Symmetric Difference - discard shared declarations
- Dot notation for convenience
array.1.0.8accesses nested structures./identifieraccesses instance scope../identifieraccesses global scope
- First-class functions and classes
- Data containers
List,Tuple,Dictionary - Loops like
for,while, anduntil- Intrinsic
itfor iteration value - Intrinsic
atfor iteration index skipandstopkeywords for loop control- Stride support with
for x by 2syntax
- Intrinsic
- Unpacking an instance's declarations with
@operator- Makes declarations accessible without
instance.prefix - Auto-unpack function parameters in function body
funk { @with; } - Manually unpack
@ += instanceand undo@ -= instance
- Makes declarations accessible without
- Basic Web server support with routing
- Route definitions use
method://pathsyntax (e.g.,get://,post://users/:id) - URL parameters via
:paramsyntax - Query string access via
request.query - Non-blocking
#startdirective allows running multiple servers - Graceful shutdown handling when program exits
- Route definitions use
- Basic HTML rendering with
Domcomposition- Compose with built-in HTML elements (
Dom,Html,Body,Div,H1, etc) - Declare
html_prefixed attributes for HTML attributes (html_href,html_class) - Declare
css_prefixed properties for CSS (css_color,css_background) - Routes returning
Dominstances automatically render to HTML - Standard library provides common HTML elements
- Compose with built-in HTML elements (
`Comments start with a backtick
nothing; `Syntactic sugar for "nothing = nil"
something = true
`Strings can be single or double quoted, and interpolated with "|"
LANG_NAME = "ore-lang"
version = '0.0.0'
lines = 4_815
header = "|LANG_NAME| v|version|" `"ore-lang v0.0.0"
footer = 'Lines of code: |lines|' `"Lines of code: 4815"
`Ranges
inclusive_range = 0..2
exclusive_range = 2><5
l_exclusive_range = 5>.7
r_exclusive_range = 7.<9
`Data containers
tuples = (header, footer)
arrays = [inclusive_range, exclusive_range]
`Dictionaries can be initialized in multiple ways, commas and values are optional
dict = {} `{}
dict = {x y} `{x: nil, y: nil}
dict = {u, v} `{u: nil, v: nil}
dict = { a:0 b=1 c} `{a: 0, b: 1, c: nil}
dict = { x:4, y=8, z} `{x: 4, y: 8, z: nil}
dict = { v=version, l=lines } `{v: "0.0.0", l: 4815}
`Syntax: <function_name> { <params, ...> ; <body> }, where ";" is the delimiter between params and body.
noop_function {;}
best_show {;
"Lost" `Last expression is return value
}
fizz_buzz { n;
if n % 3 == 0 and n % 5 == 0
'FizzBuzz'
elif n % 3 == 0
'Fizz'
elif n % 5 == 0
'Buzz'
else
'|n|'
end `Control flows close with `end`
} `Code blocks close with `}`
`Syntax: <class_name> { <body> }
Repo {
user;
name;
`"new" is reserved for constructors
new { user, name;
./user = user
./name = name
}
to_s {;
"|user|/|name|"
}
}
Repo('figgleforth', 'ore-lang').to_s() `"figgleforth/ore-lang"
`For loops iterate over arrays, ranges, and other iterables
result = []
for [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
result << it `it is the current iteration value
end
`result = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
`Ranges work too
sum = 0
for 1..10
sum += it
end
`sum = 55
`Stride support with "by" keyword
chunks = []
for [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6] by 2
chunks << it `it contains array of 2 items
end
`chunks = [[1, 2], [3, 4], [5, 6]]
`Access iteration index with "at"
indexed = []
for ['a', 'b', 'c']
indexed << "|at|: |it|"
end
`indexed = ["0: a", "1: b", "2: c"]
`Loop control with skip and stop
evens = []
for 1..10
if it % 2 != 0
skip `Continue to next iteration
end
evens << it
if it == 6
stop `Break out of loop
end
end
`evens = [2, 4, 6]
Vector {
x;
y;
new { x, y;
./x = x
./y = y
}
}
`Auto-unpack in function parameters with @
add { @vec;
x + y `Access vec.x and vec.y directly without vec. prefix
}
v = Vector(3, 4)
add(v) `7
`Manual sibling scope control
multiply { factor;
v1 = Vector(5, 10)
@ += v1 `Add v1's members to sibling scope
result_x = x * factor `Access x directly
result_y = y * factor `Access y directly
@ -= v1 `Remove v1 from sibling scope
Vector(result_x, result_y)
}
multiply(2) `Vector(10, 20)
`Load external Ore files with #load directive
#load './some_formatter.ore'
#load './some_dir/users.ore'
`Use loaded classes and functions
user = User('Alice', 'alice@example.com')
formatted = format_name(user.name)
#load 'ore/server.ore'
`Create servers by composing with built-in Server type
Web_App | Server {
`Define routes using HTTP method and path
get:// {;
"<h1>Welcome to Ore!</h1>"
}
get://hello/:name { name;
"<h1>Hello, |name|!</h1>"
}
post://submit {;
"Form submitted"
}
}
API_Server | Server {
get://api/users {;
"[{\"id\": 1, \"name\": \"Alice\"}]"
}
}
`Both servers run concurrently in background threads
app = Web_App(8080)
api = API_Server(3000)
#start app
#start api
Using built-in Dom composition:
#load 'ore/html.ore'
Layout | Dom {
title;
body_content;
new { title = 'My page', body_content = 'Hello!';
./title = title
./body_content = body_content
}
render {;
`Use built-in Html, Head, Title, and Body types
Html([
Head(Title(title)),
Body(body_content)
])
}
}
Using strings with HTML:
#load 'ore/html.ore'
Layout | Dom {
render {;
"<html><head><title>My page</title></head><body>Hello!</body></html>"
}
}
Both examples will produce an HTML response as long as the class composes with Dom:
<html>
<head>
<title>My page</title>
</head>
<body>
Hello!
</body>
</html>
Adding HTML and CSS attributes:
#load 'ore/html.ore'
My_Div | Dom {
html_element = 'p'
html_class = 'my_class'
html_id = 'my_id'
css_background_color = 'black'
css_color = 'white'
}
`=> <p class='my_class' id='my_id' style='background-color:black;color:white;'></p>
Note: Rendering HTML only works when
render{;} is called by a Server instance. See html.ore for predefined
Dom elements. See web1.ore for Server and HTML usage.
lib/readmedetails the architecture and contains instructions for running your own programsexamplescontains code examples written in Oreorecontains code for the Ore standard librarylibcontains code implementing Ore- Lexer#output – Source code to Lexemes
- Parser#output – Lexemes to Expressions
- Interpreter#output – Expressions to values
