zfill() method in Python is used to pad a string with zeros (0) on the left until it reaches a specified width. In this article, we'll see how zfill() method works.
Python
s = "42"
padded_text = s.zfill(5)
print(padded_text)
Explanation:
- The string
"42" is padded with three zeros on the left to make its total length 5. - The
zfill() method ensures that the string is right-aligned and padded with zeros.
Syntax of zfill() method
string.zfill(width)
Parameters
- width (required):
- The total length of the string after padding.
- If the specified width is less than or equal to the length of the original string, no padding is applied.
Return Type
- Returns a new string with zeros padded on the left to meet the specified width.
Examples of String zfill() method
1. Padding a shorter string
Let's see how zfill() behaves with a string shorter than the specified width:
Python
s = "7"
padded_text = s.zfill(3)
print(padded_text)
Explanation:
- The original string
"7" has a length of 1. - The
zfill(3) method pads the string with two zeros on the left to make its total length 3.
2. String equal to the specified width
What happens when the string length matches the specified width?
Python
s = "12345"
padded_text = s.zfill(5)
print(padded_text)
Explanation:
- The string
"12345" already has a length of 5. - No padding is added because the string length matches the specified width.
3. String longer than the specified width
Let’s see how zfill() handles a string longer than the specified width:
Python
s = "Python"
padded_text = s.zfill(4)
print(padded_text)
Explanation:
- The string
"Python" has a length of 6, which is greater than the specified width of 4. - The method returns the original string without any changes.
4. Using zfill() with negative and positive numbers
When dealing with strings representing numbers, the zfill() method correctly handles the sign:
Python
#positive and negative numbers
s1 = "42"
s2 = "-42"
print(s1.zfill(5))
print(s2.zfill(5))
Explanation:
- For
"42", zeros are added to the left to make its total length 5. - For
"-42", the minus sign is preserved, and zeros are added after the sign to maintain the width.
