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HTTP/2 302 server: nginx date: Wed, 08 Oct 2025 19:08:48 GMT content-type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 content-length: 0 x-archive-redirect-reason: found capture at 20081203050535 location: https://web.archive.org/web/20081203050535/https://www.eff.org/cases/junger-v-dept-state server-timing: captures_list;dur=0.656798, exclusion.robots;dur=0.024863, exclusion.robots.policy;dur=0.011507, esindex;dur=0.012264, cdx.remote;dur=132.300910, LoadShardBlock;dur=1041.136380, PetaboxLoader3.datanode;dur=738.652389, PetaboxLoader3.resolve;dur=91.880310 x-app-server: wwwb-app224 x-ts: 302 x-tr: 1233 server-timing: TR;dur=0,Tw;dur=0,Tc;dur=0 set-cookie: wb-p-SERVER=wwwb-app224; path=/ x-location: All x-rl: 0 x-na: 0 x-page-cache: MISS server-timing: MISS x-nid: DigitalOcean referrer-policy: no-referrer-when-downgrade permissions-policy: interest-cohort=() HTTP/2 200 server: nginx date: Wed, 08 Oct 2025 19:08:51 GMT content-type: text/html; charset=utf-8 x-archive-orig-date: Wed, 03 Dec 2008 05:05:35 GMT x-archive-orig-server: Apache x-archive-orig-expires: Sun, 19 Nov 1978 05:00:00 GMT x-archive-orig-last-modified: Wed, 03 Dec 2008 05:05:35 GMT x-archive-orig-cache-control: store, no-cache, must-revalidate x-archive-orig-cache-control: post-check=0, pre-check=0 x-archive-orig-vary: Accept-Encoding x-archive-orig-connection: close x-archive-orig-content-language: en x-archive-guessed-content-type: text/html x-archive-guessed-charset: utf-8 memento-datetime: Wed, 03 Dec 2008 05:05:35 GMT link: ; rel="original", ; rel="timemap"; type="application/link-format", ; rel="timegate", ; rel="first memento"; datetime="Fri, 24 Oct 2008 05:17:21 GMT", ; rel="prev memento"; datetime="Thu, 27 Nov 2008 08:13:50 GMT", ; rel="memento"; datetime="Wed, 03 Dec 2008 05:05:35 GMT", ; rel="next memento"; datetime="Wed, 07 Apr 2010 22:19:57 GMT", ; rel="last memento"; datetime="Thu, 08 Aug 2024 12:05:40 GMT" content-security-policy: default-src 'self' 'unsafe-eval' 'unsafe-inline' data: blob: archive.org web.archive.org web-static.archive.org wayback-api.archive.org athena.archive.org analytics.archive.org pragma.archivelab.org wwwb-events.archive.org x-archive-src: web_el_2008-085-20081203020721-06917-crawling015/web_el_2008-085-20081203050120-06979-crawling015.us.archive.org.arc.gz server-timing: captures_list;dur=0.710297, exclusion.robots;dur=0.026930, exclusion.robots.policy;dur=0.012353, esindex;dur=0.013515, cdx.remote;dur=961.005893, LoadShardBlock;dur=1085.736364, PetaboxLoader3.datanode;dur=660.771556, PetaboxLoader3.resolve;dur=514.116332, load_resource;dur=347.811479 x-app-server: wwwb-app224 x-ts: 200 x-tr: 2483 server-timing: TR;dur=0,Tw;dur=0,Tc;dur=0 x-location: All x-rl: 0 x-na: 0 x-page-cache: MISS server-timing: MISS x-nid: DigitalOcean referrer-policy: no-referrer-when-downgrade permissions-policy: interest-cohort=() content-encoding: gzip Junger v. US Department of State | Electronic Frontier Foundation

Junger v. US Department of State

Junger sought an injunction against the enforcement of provisions of the International Traffic in Arms Regulations that require him to get the permission of the State Department's Office of Defense Trade Controls (the "ODTC") before he can communicate information about cryptographic software to foreign persons, "whether in the United States or abroad." The penalty for failing to get such permission before disclosing the information can be as great as a fine of one million dollars and imprisonment for ten years. These provisions effectively prevent Junger from admitting foreign students to the course that he teaches about Computers and the Law at Case Western Reserve Law School in Cleveland, Ohio, and keep him from publishing his course materials and articles containing cryptographic software, or explaining what it does, how and where to get it, and how to use it.

The challenged licensing scheme threatens the long-run viability of the United States software industry and, according to a blue-ribbon panel of the National Research Council, already costs that industry at least "a few hundred million dollars per year ..., and all indications are that this figure will only grow in the future." The regulations have been extensively criticized by industry and bills to repeal or limit them are now pending in Congress.