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C API: MessageFormat. More...
#include "unicode/utypes.h"
#include "unicode/uloc.h"
#include "unicode/parseerr.h"
#include <stdarg.h>
#include "unicode/localpointer.h"
Go to the source code of this file.
Namespaces | |
icu | |
File coll.h. | |
Typedefs | |
typedef void * | UMessageFormat |
The message format object. More... | |
Functions | |
U_CAPI int32_t | u_formatMessage (const char *locale, const UChar *pattern, int32_t patternLength, UChar *result, int32_t resultLength, UErrorCode *status,...) |
Format a message for a locale. More... | |
U_CAPI int32_t | u_vformatMessage (const char *locale, const UChar *pattern, int32_t patternLength, UChar *result, int32_t resultLength, va_list ap, UErrorCode *status) |
Format a message for a locale. More... | |
U_CAPI void | u_parseMessage (const char *locale, const UChar *pattern, int32_t patternLength, const UChar *source, int32_t sourceLength, UErrorCode *status,...) |
Parse a message. More... | |
U_CAPI void | u_vparseMessage (const char *locale, const UChar *pattern, int32_t patternLength, const UChar *source, int32_t sourceLength, va_list ap, UErrorCode *status) |
Parse a message. More... | |
U_CAPI int32_t | u_formatMessageWithError (const char *locale, const UChar *pattern, int32_t patternLength, UChar *result, int32_t resultLength, UParseError *parseError, UErrorCode *status,...) |
Format a message for a locale. More... | |
U_CAPI int32_t | u_vformatMessageWithError (const char *locale, const UChar *pattern, int32_t patternLength, UChar *result, int32_t resultLength, UParseError *parseError, va_list ap, UErrorCode *status) |
Format a message for a locale. More... | |
U_CAPI void | u_parseMessageWithError (const char *locale, const UChar *pattern, int32_t patternLength, const UChar *source, int32_t sourceLength, UParseError *parseError, UErrorCode *status,...) |
Parse a message. More... | |
U_CAPI void | u_vparseMessageWithError (const char *locale, const UChar *pattern, int32_t patternLength, const UChar *source, int32_t sourceLength, va_list ap, UParseError *parseError, UErrorCode *status) |
Parse a message. More... | |
U_CAPI UMessageFormat * | umsg_open (const UChar *pattern, int32_t patternLength, const char *locale, UParseError *parseError, UErrorCode *status) |
Open a message formatter with given pattern and for the given locale. More... | |
U_CAPI void | umsg_close (UMessageFormat *format) |
Close a UMessageFormat. More... | |
U_CAPI UMessageFormat | umsg_clone (const UMessageFormat *fmt, UErrorCode *status) |
Open a copy of a UMessageFormat. More... | |
U_CAPI void | umsg_setLocale (UMessageFormat *fmt, const char *locale) |
Sets the locale. More... | |
U_CAPI const char * | umsg_getLocale (const UMessageFormat *fmt) |
Gets the locale. More... | |
U_CAPI void | umsg_applyPattern (UMessageFormat *fmt, const UChar *pattern, int32_t patternLength, UParseError *parseError, UErrorCode *status) |
Sets the pattern. More... | |
U_CAPI int32_t | umsg_toPattern (const UMessageFormat *fmt, UChar *result, int32_t resultLength, UErrorCode *status) |
Gets the pattern. More... | |
U_CAPI int32_t | umsg_format (const UMessageFormat *fmt, UChar *result, int32_t resultLength, UErrorCode *status,...) |
Format a message for a locale. More... | |
U_CAPI int32_t | umsg_vformat (const UMessageFormat *fmt, UChar *result, int32_t resultLength, va_list ap, UErrorCode *status) |
Format a message for a locale. More... | |
U_CAPI void | umsg_parse (const UMessageFormat *fmt, const UChar *source, int32_t sourceLength, int32_t *count, UErrorCode *status,...) |
Parse a message. More... | |
U_CAPI void | umsg_vparse (const UMessageFormat *fmt, const UChar *source, int32_t sourceLength, int32_t *count, va_list ap, UErrorCode *status) |
Parse a message. More... | |
U_CAPI int32_t | umsg_autoQuoteApostrophe (const UChar *pattern, int32_t patternLength, UChar *dest, int32_t destCapacity, UErrorCode *ec) |
Convert an 'apostrophe-friendly' pattern into a standard pattern. More... | |
Detailed Description
C API: MessageFormat.
MessageFormat C API
MessageFormat prepares strings for display to users, with optional arguments (variables/placeholders). The arguments can occur in any order, which is necessary for translation into languages with different grammars.
The opaque UMessageFormat type is a thin C wrapper around a C++ MessageFormat. It is constructed from a pattern string with arguments in {curly braces} which will be replaced by formatted values.
Currently, the C API supports only numbered arguments.
For details about the pattern syntax and behavior, especially about the ASCII apostrophe vs. the real apostrophe (single quote) character ’ (U+2019), see the C++ MessageFormat class documentation.
Here are some examples of C API usage: Example 1:
UChar *result, *tzID, *str;UChar pattern[100];int32_t resultLengthOut, resultlength;UCalendar *cal;UDate d1;UDateFormat *def1;UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;u_uastrcpy(str, "disturbance in force");u_uastrcpy(tzID, "PST");ucal_setDateTime(cal, 1999, UCAL_MARCH, 18, 0, 0, 0, &status);d1=ucal_getMillis(cal, &status);u_uastrcpy(pattern, "On {0, date, long}, there was a {1} on planet {2,number,integer}");resultlength=0;resultLengthOut=u_formatMessage( "en_US", pattern, u_strlen(pattern), NULL, resultlength, &status, d1, str, 7);if(status==U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR){status=U_ZERO_ERROR;resultlength=resultLengthOut+1;}printf("%s\n", austrdup(result) );//austrdup( a function used to convert UChar* to char*)//output>: "On March 18, 1999, there was a disturbance in force on planet 7U_CAPI int32_t u_strlen(const UChar *s)U_CAPI UCalendar * ucal_open(const UChar *zoneID, int32_t len, const char *locale, UCalendarType type, UErrorCode *status)Open a UCalendar.@ UCAL_TRADITIONALDespite the name, UCAL_TRADITIONAL designates the locale's default calendar, which may be the Gregori...Definition: ucal.h:183U_CAPI UDate ucal_getMillis(const UCalendar *cal, UErrorCode *status)Get a UCalendar's current time in millis.U_CAPI void ucal_setDateTime(UCalendar *cal, int32_t year, int32_t month, int32_t date, int32_t hour, int32_t minute, int32_t second, UErrorCode *status)Set a UCalendar's current date.U_CAPI int32_t u_formatMessage(const char *locale, const UChar *pattern, int32_t patternLength, UChar *result, int32_t resultLength, UErrorCode *status,...)Format a message for a locale.U_CAPI UChar * u_uastrcpy(UChar *dst, const char *src)Copy a byte string encoded in the default codepage to a ustring.#define NULLDefine NULL if necessary, to nullptr for C++ and to ((void *)0) for C.Definition: utypes.h:203
Typically, the message format will come from resources, and the arguments will be dynamically set at runtime.
Example 2:
UChar* str;UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;UChar *result;UChar pattern[100];int32_t resultlength, resultLengthOut, i;double testArgs= { 100.0, 1.0, 0.0};u_uastrcpy(str, "MyDisk");u_uastrcpy(pattern, "The disk {1} contains {0,choice,0#no files|1#one file|1<{0,number,integer} files}");for(i=0; i<3; i++){resultlength=0;resultLengthOut=u_formatMessage( "en_US", pattern, u_strlen(pattern), NULL, resultlength, &status, testArgs[i], str);if(status==U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR){status=U_ZERO_ERROR;resultlength=resultLengthOut+1;u_formatMessage( "en_US", pattern, u_strlen(pattern), result, resultlength, &status, testArgs[i], str);}printf("%s\n", austrdup(result) ); //austrdup( a function used to convert UChar* to char*)free(result);}// output, with different testArgs:// output: The disk "MyDisk" contains 100 files.// output: The disk "MyDisk" contains one file.// output: The disk "MyDisk" contains no files.
Example 3:
UChar* str;UChar* str1;UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;UChar *result;UChar pattern[100];UChar expected[100];int32_t resultlength,resultLengthOut;u_uastrcpy(str, "Kirti");u_uastrcpy(str1, "female");log_verbose("Testing message format with Select test #1\n:");u_uastrcpy(pattern, "{0} est {1, select, female {all\\u00E9e} other {all\\u00E9}} \\u00E0 Paris.");u_uastrcpy(expected, "Kirti est all\\u00E9e \\u00E0 Paris.");resultlength=0;resultLengthOut=u_formatMessage( "fr", pattern, u_strlen(pattern), NULL, resultlength, &status, str , str1);if(status==U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR){status=U_ZERO_ERROR;resultlength=resultLengthOut+1;if(u_strcmp(result, expected)==0)log_verbose("PASS: MessagFormat successful on Select test#1\n");else{log_err("FAIL: Error in MessageFormat on Select test#1\n GOT %s EXPECTED %s\n", austrdup(result),austrdup(expected) );}free(result);}U_CAPI int32_t u_strcmp(const UChar *s1, const UChar *s2)Compare two Unicode strings for bitwise equality (code unit order).
Definition in file umsg.h.
Typedef Documentation
◆ UMessageFormat
typedef void* UMessageFormat |
Function Documentation
◆ u_formatMessage()
U_CAPI int32_t u_formatMessage | ( | const char * | locale, |
const UChar * | pattern, | ||
int32_t | patternLength, | ||
UChar * | result, | ||
int32_t | resultLength, | ||
UErrorCode * | status, | ||
... | |||
) |
Format a message for a locale.
This function may perform re-ordering of the arguments depending on the locale. For all numeric arguments, double is assumed unless the type is explicitly integer. All choice format arguments must be of type double.
- Parameters
-
locale The locale for which the message will be formatted pattern The pattern specifying the message's format patternLength The length of pattern result A pointer to a buffer to receive the formatted message. resultLength The maximum size of result. status A pointer to an UErrorCode to receive any errors ... A variable-length argument list containing the arguments specified in pattern.
- Returns
- The total buffer size needed; if greater than resultLength, the output was truncated.
- See also
- u_parseMessage
- Stable:
- ICU 2.0
◆ u_formatMessageWithError()
U_CAPI int32_t u_formatMessageWithError | ( | const char * | locale, |
const UChar * | pattern, | ||
int32_t | patternLength, | ||
UChar * | result, | ||
int32_t | resultLength, | ||
UParseError * | parseError, | ||
UErrorCode * | status, | ||
... | |||
) |
Format a message for a locale.
This function may perform re-ordering of the arguments depending on the locale. For all numeric arguments, double is assumed unless the type is explicitly integer. All choice format arguments must be of type double.
- Parameters
-
locale The locale for which the message will be formatted pattern The pattern specifying the message's format patternLength The length of pattern result A pointer to a buffer to receive the formatted message. resultLength The maximum size of result. status A pointer to an UErrorCode to receive any errors ... A variable-length argument list containing the arguments specified in pattern. parseError A pointer to UParseError to receive information about errors occurred during parsing.
- Returns
- The total buffer size needed; if greater than resultLength, the output was truncated.
- See also
- u_parseMessage
- Stable:
- ICU 2.0
◆ u_parseMessage()
U_CAPI void u_parseMessage | ( | const char * | locale, |
const UChar * | pattern, | ||
int32_t | patternLength, | ||
const UChar * | source, | ||
int32_t | sourceLength, | ||
UErrorCode * | status, | ||
... | |||
) |
Parse a message.
For numeric arguments, this function will always use doubles. Integer types should not be passed. This function is not able to parse all output from u_formatMessage.
- Parameters
-
locale The locale for which the message is formatted pattern The pattern specifying the message's format patternLength The length of pattern source The text to parse. sourceLength The length of source, or -1 if null-terminated. status A pointer to an UErrorCode to receive any errors ... A variable-length argument list containing the arguments specified in pattern.
- See also
- u_formatMessage
- Stable:
- ICU 2.0
◆ u_parseMessageWithError()
U_CAPI void u_parseMessageWithError | ( | const char * | locale, |
const UChar * | pattern, | ||
int32_t | patternLength, | ||
const UChar * | source, | ||
int32_t | sourceLength, | ||
UParseError * | parseError, | ||
UErrorCode * | status, | ||
... | |||
) |
Parse a message.
For numeric arguments, this function will always use doubles. Integer types should not be passed. This function is not able to parse all output from u_formatMessage.
- Parameters
-
locale The locale for which the message is formatted pattern The pattern specifying the message's format patternLength The length of pattern source The text to parse. sourceLength The length of source, or -1 if null-terminated. parseError A pointer to UParseError to receive information about errors occurred during parsing. status A pointer to an UErrorCode to receive any errors ... A variable-length argument list containing the arguments specified in pattern.
- See also
- u_formatMessage
- Stable:
- ICU 2.0
◆ u_vformatMessage()
U_CAPI int32_t u_vformatMessage | ( | const char * | locale, |
const UChar * | pattern, | ||
int32_t | patternLength, | ||
UChar * | result, | ||
int32_t | resultLength, | ||
va_list | ap, | ||
UErrorCode * | status | ||
) |
Format a message for a locale.
This function may perform re-ordering of the arguments depending on the locale. For all numeric arguments, double is assumed unless the type is explicitly integer. All choice format arguments must be of type double.
- Parameters
-
locale The locale for which the message will be formatted pattern The pattern specifying the message's format patternLength The length of pattern result A pointer to a buffer to receive the formatted message. resultLength The maximum size of result. ap A variable-length argument list containing the arguments specified status A pointer to an UErrorCode to receive any errors in pattern.
- Returns
- The total buffer size needed; if greater than resultLength, the output was truncated.
- See also
- u_parseMessage
- Stable:
- ICU 2.0
◆ u_vformatMessageWithError()
U_CAPI int32_t u_vformatMessageWithError | ( | const char * | locale, |
const UChar * | pattern, | ||
int32_t | patternLength, | ||
UChar * | result, | ||
int32_t | resultLength, | ||
UParseError * | parseError, | ||
va_list | ap, | ||
UErrorCode * | status | ||
) |
Format a message for a locale.
This function may perform re-ordering of the arguments depending on the locale. For all numeric arguments, double is assumed unless the type is explicitly integer. All choice format arguments must be of type double.
- Parameters
-
locale The locale for which the message will be formatted pattern The pattern specifying the message's format patternLength The length of pattern result A pointer to a buffer to receive the formatted message. resultLength The maximum size of result. parseError A pointer to UParseError to receive information about errors occurred during parsing. ap A variable-length argument list containing the arguments specified status A pointer to an UErrorCode to receive any errors in pattern.
- Returns
- The total buffer size needed; if greater than resultLength, the output was truncated.
- Stable:
- ICU 2.0
◆ u_vparseMessage()
U_CAPI void u_vparseMessage | ( | const char * | locale, |
const UChar * | pattern, | ||
int32_t | patternLength, | ||
const UChar * | source, | ||
int32_t | sourceLength, | ||
va_list | ap, | ||
UErrorCode * | status | ||
) |
Parse a message.
For numeric arguments, this function will always use doubles. Integer types should not be passed. This function is not able to parse all output from u_formatMessage.
- Parameters
-
locale The locale for which the message is formatted pattern The pattern specifying the message's format patternLength The length of pattern source The text to parse. sourceLength The length of source, or -1 if null-terminated. ap A variable-length argument list containing the arguments status A pointer to an UErrorCode to receive any errors specified in pattern.
- See also
- u_formatMessage
- Stable:
- ICU 2.0
◆ u_vparseMessageWithError()
U_CAPI void u_vparseMessageWithError | ( | const char * | locale, |
const UChar * | pattern, | ||
int32_t | patternLength, | ||
const UChar * | source, | ||
int32_t | sourceLength, | ||
va_list | ap, | ||
UParseError * | parseError, | ||
UErrorCode * | status | ||
) |
Parse a message.
For numeric arguments, this function will always use doubles. Integer types should not be passed. This function is not able to parse all output from u_formatMessage.
- Parameters
-
locale The locale for which the message is formatted pattern The pattern specifying the message's format patternLength The length of pattern source The text to parse. sourceLength The length of source, or -1 if null-terminated. ap A variable-length argument list containing the arguments parseError A pointer to UParseError to receive information about errors occurred during parsing. status A pointer to an UErrorCode to receive any errors specified in pattern.
- See also
- u_formatMessage
- Stable:
- ICU 2.0
◆ umsg_applyPattern()
U_CAPI void umsg_applyPattern | ( | UMessageFormat * | fmt, |
const UChar * | pattern, | ||
int32_t | patternLength, | ||
UParseError * | parseError, | ||
UErrorCode * | status | ||
) |
Sets the pattern.
- Parameters
-
fmt The formatter to use pattern The pattern to be applied. patternLength Length of the pattern to use parseError Struct to receive information on position of error if an error is encountered.Can be NULL. status Output param set to success/failure code on exit. If the pattern is invalid, this will be set to a failure result.
- Stable:
- ICU 2.0
◆ umsg_autoQuoteApostrophe()
U_CAPI int32_t umsg_autoQuoteApostrophe | ( | const UChar * | pattern, |
int32_t | patternLength, | ||
UChar * | dest, | ||
int32_t | destCapacity, | ||
UErrorCode * | ec | ||
) |
Convert an 'apostrophe-friendly' pattern into a standard pattern.
Standard patterns treat all apostrophes as quotes, which is problematic in some languages, e.g. French, where apostrophe is commonly used. This utility assumes that only an unpaired apostrophe immediately before a brace is a true quote. Other unpaired apostrophes are paired, and the resulting standard pattern string is returned.
Note it is not guaranteed that the returned pattern is indeed a valid pattern. The only effect is to convert between patterns having different quoting semantics.
- Parameters
-
pattern the 'apostrophe-friendly' patttern to convert patternLength the length of pattern, or -1 if unknown and pattern is null-terminated dest the buffer for the result, or NULL if preflight only destCapacity the length of the buffer, or 0 if preflighting ec the error code
- Returns
- the length of the resulting text, not including trailing null if buffer has room for the trailing null, it is provided, otherwise not
- Stable:
- ICU 3.4
◆ umsg_clone()
U_CAPI UMessageFormat umsg_clone | ( | const UMessageFormat * | fmt, |
UErrorCode * | status | ||
) |
Open a copy of a UMessageFormat.
This function performs a deep copy.
- Parameters
-
fmt The formatter to copy status A pointer to an UErrorCode to receive any errors.
- Returns
- A pointer to a UDateFormat identical to fmt.
- Stable:
- ICU 2.0
◆ umsg_close()
U_CAPI void umsg_close | ( | UMessageFormat * | format | ) |
Close a UMessageFormat.
Once closed, a UMessageFormat may no longer be used.
- Parameters
-
format The formatter to close.
- Stable:
- ICU 2.0
◆ umsg_format()
U_CAPI int32_t umsg_format | ( | const UMessageFormat * | fmt, |
UChar * | result, | ||
int32_t | resultLength, | ||
UErrorCode * | status, | ||
... | |||
) |
Format a message for a locale.
This function may perform re-ordering of the arguments depending on the locale. For all numeric arguments, double is assumed unless the type is explicitly integer. All choice format arguments must be of type double.
- Parameters
-
fmt The formatter to use result A pointer to a buffer to receive the formatted message. resultLength The maximum size of result. status A pointer to an UErrorCode to receive any errors ... A variable-length argument list containing the arguments specified in pattern.
- Returns
- The total buffer size needed; if greater than resultLength, the output was truncated.
- Stable:
- ICU 2.0
◆ umsg_getLocale()
U_CAPI const char* umsg_getLocale | ( | const UMessageFormat * | fmt | ) |
Gets the locale.
This locale is used for fetching default number or date format information.
- Parameters
-
fmt The formatter to querry
- Returns
- the locale.
- Stable:
- ICU 2.0
◆ umsg_open()
U_CAPI UMessageFormat* umsg_open | ( | const UChar * | pattern, |
int32_t | patternLength, | ||
const char * | locale, | ||
UParseError * | parseError, | ||
UErrorCode * | status | ||
) |
Open a message formatter with given pattern and for the given locale.
- Parameters
-
pattern A pattern specifying the format to use. patternLength Length of the pattern to use locale The locale for which the messages are formatted. parseError A pointer to UParseError struct to receive any errors occurred during parsing. Can be NULL. status A pointer to an UErrorCode to receive any errors.
- Returns
- A pointer to a UMessageFormat to use for formatting messages, or 0 if an error occurred.
- Stable:
- ICU 2.0
◆ umsg_parse()
U_CAPI void umsg_parse | ( | const UMessageFormat * | fmt, |
const UChar * | source, | ||
int32_t | sourceLength, | ||
int32_t * | count, | ||
UErrorCode * | status, | ||
... | |||
) |
Parse a message.
For numeric arguments, this function will always use doubles. Integer types should not be passed. This function is not able to parse all output from umsg_format.
- Parameters
-
fmt The formatter to use source The text to parse. sourceLength The length of source, or -1 if null-terminated. count Output param to receive number of elements returned. status A pointer to an UErrorCode to receive any errors ... A variable-length argument list containing the arguments specified in pattern.
- Stable:
- ICU 2.0
◆ umsg_setLocale()
U_CAPI void umsg_setLocale | ( | UMessageFormat * | fmt, |
const char * | locale | ||
) |
Sets the locale.
This locale is used for fetching default number or date format information.
- Parameters
-
fmt The formatter to set locale The locale the formatter should use.
- Stable:
- ICU 2.0
◆ umsg_toPattern()
U_CAPI int32_t umsg_toPattern | ( | const UMessageFormat * | fmt, |
UChar * | result, | ||
int32_t | resultLength, | ||
UErrorCode * | status | ||
) |
Gets the pattern.
- Parameters
-
fmt The formatter to use result A pointer to a buffer to receive the pattern. resultLength The maximum size of result. status Output param set to success/failure code on exit. If the pattern is invalid, this will be set to a failure result.
- Returns
- the pattern of the format
- Stable:
- ICU 2.0
◆ umsg_vformat()
U_CAPI int32_t umsg_vformat | ( | const UMessageFormat * | fmt, |
UChar * | result, | ||
int32_t | resultLength, | ||
va_list | ap, | ||
UErrorCode * | status | ||
) |
Format a message for a locale.
This function may perform re-ordering of the arguments depending on the locale. For all numeric arguments, double is assumed unless the type is explicitly integer. All choice format arguments must be of type double.
- Parameters
-
fmt The formatter to use result A pointer to a buffer to receive the formatted message. resultLength The maximum size of result. ap A variable-length argument list containing the arguments status A pointer to an UErrorCode to receive any errors specified in pattern.
- Returns
- The total buffer size needed; if greater than resultLength, the output was truncated.
- Stable:
- ICU 2.0
◆ umsg_vparse()
U_CAPI void umsg_vparse | ( | const UMessageFormat * | fmt, |
const UChar * | source, | ||
int32_t | sourceLength, | ||
int32_t * | count, | ||
va_list | ap, | ||
UErrorCode * | status | ||
) |
Parse a message.
For numeric arguments, this function will always use doubles. Integer types should not be passed. This function is not able to parse all output from umsg_format.
- Parameters
-
fmt The formatter to use source The text to parse. sourceLength The length of source, or -1 if null-terminated. count Output param to receive number of elements returned. ap A variable-length argument list containing the arguments status A pointer to an UErrorCode to receive any errors specified in pattern.
- See also
- u_formatMessage
- Stable:
- ICU 2.0
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