The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos, 1933-1945

The Wehrmacht formed Dulag 201 in March 1941, and for the next two years it deployed to various locations in occupied Poland and the Soviet Union. On July 11, 1941, the camp deployed to Lubień Małopolska (map 5); as of July 15, 1941, it was in Przemyślany (today Peremyshliany, Ukraine) (5); from July 18 to September 19, in Zhitomir (9e); and on September 25, 1941, in Kiev (9e).¹ On October 11, 1941, the camp was replaced by Stalag 339, but the staff remained in Kiev until the end of the month. On October 30, 1941, the unit was en route to Romny (9f). On November 30, 1941, it redeployed to Charkow (Russian: Khar’kov; today Kharkiv, Ukraine) (9f), where it remained until the end of May 1942. Between June 1 and June 26, 1942, the camp was located in Taranovka (today Taranivka, Khar’kivs’ka oblast’) (9f). On July 13, 1942, it was in Rossosh’ (9d); on July 16, 1942, in Nikolaevka (9f); and on July 24, 1942, it was en route to Bokovskaia (9d). The camp operated in Bokovskaia from July 26 to August 7, 1942. On August 11, 1942, the unit was three kilometers (under two miles) northeast of Chistiakovo (9d); from August 15 to September 7, 1942, in Manoilin (9d); and from September 25 to October 9, 1942, in Ermokhin (no location), with a subcamp (Nebenlager) in Manoilin. In February 1943, AGSSt 5, which had been disbanded, was merged with the camp. In the spring of 1943, the camp was deployed in Mariupol’ (9h) and had a reception camp (Auffanglager) in Fedorovka (Rostovskaia oblast’). As of July 23, 1943, the camp was located in Pavlograd (9f).² From the fall of 1943 until the summer of 1944, the camp’s deployment sites were Marganets (9h), Voznesens’k (9g), Vinnitsa (9e), Proskurov (today: Khmelnytskyi) (9e), Przemyśl (5), Galich (today Halych) (5), Drohobych (5), and Turka (5). From the summer of 1944 to the beginning of 1945, it was in Uzhhorod , Košice, and Krakau (today: Kraków, Poland) (all 5). In 1945, the camp was deployed first to Löhnberg (4d) and then in March to Elmenhorst (4a) and Gross Kummerfeld (4a), where it was disbanded, perhaps as late as May 8, 1945.³ In any case, records indicate that it was still in service on February 1, 1945. Dulag 201 received field post number (Feldpostnummer) 29 176 between July 31, 1942, and February 9, 1943. The number was struck on March 22, 1945.

In June–October 1941, the camp was subordinate to the 454th Security Division (Sicherungsdivision), and then to the Sixth Army Rear Area Commander (Kommandant rückwärtiges Armeegebiet, Korück, 585).

As of June 3, 1941, the headquarters of the camp included 8 officers, 4 government officials, and 85 noncommissioned officers and enlisted men. The headquarters had 15 trucks, 5 motorcycles, 10 horse teams, and 20 horses.⁴ The first commandant of the camp was Major der Landwehr Reiche; he was succeeded in September 1941 by Major zur Verfügung Pawliska. In 1942, the commandant was Major Dr. Eugen Witt. He was replaced at the end of February 1943 by Major zur besonderen Verfügung Ludwig Euler, who was succeeded in the summer of 1944 by Oberstleutnant Dr. Erwin Topf. As of September 20, 1941, the deputy commandant was Hauptmann zur Verfügung Renovanz; the adjutant was Oberleutnant der Reserve Behr; the camp doctor was Stabsarzt der Reserve Dr. Pechtold; the assistant camp doctor was Dr. Hesselmann; the head of the “Arbeit” group was Hauptmann zur Verfügung Leinemann; the head of the “Abwehr” group was Hauptmann der Reserve zur Verfügung Bernstorf; Bernstorf’s assistant was Oberleutnant der Reserve zur Verfügung Kulow; the 1st aide-de-camp (1. Ordonnanz Offizier) was Hauptmann der Landwehr zur Verfügung Reinhold; the 2nd aide-de-camp (2. Ordonnanz Offizier) was Oberleutnant der Reserve zur Verfügung Kortlüke; the 3rd aide-de-camp (3. Ordonnanz Offizier) was Oberleutnant zur Verfügung Dr. Riesenberg; the head of the mail censorship (Postkontrolle) group was Oberleutnant zur Verfügung Dr. Fichtner, whose deputy was Oberleutnant zur Verfügung de Angelis.⁵

Dulag 201 held Soviet prisoners of war (POWs). The conditions in the camp were similar to those in other camps for [End Page 106] Soviet POWs. Overcrowding, malnourishment, unsanitary conditions, lack of proper medical care, and abuse by the guards led to malnutrition and disease, which produced a high mortality rate. As in other camps, the Germans screened the prisoners to separate out Jews and political commissars, who were then shot near the camp by a Security Service (Sicherheitsdienst, SD) detachment or the camp guards.⁶