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ToffeeScript is a CoffeeScript dialect with Asynchronous Grammar
Features
Asynchronous everywhere
Condition: If, Switch
Loop: For In, For Of, While with guard when
Mathematics
Logical Operation
Auto Callback
Regexp Operator =~ and matches \~, \&, \0~\9
High efficent code generated.
Sourcemap Supported.
Follow up to CoffeeScript 1.6.2 so far
Safety named-function supported.
Added in ToffeeScript 1.6.2-3
Installation
npm install toffee-script
Named Function
ToffeeScript support named function which is different from CoffeeScript.
if the function defined in the first level of code block and the function name haven't been used, then compile it as named function. see Code Examples section
It won't have compatible issue with CoffeeScript except one case
# m never declared above, m must be local variable and assign to undefined
m()
m = ->
m
in CoffeeScript will throw exception undefined is not function. Use m as constant undefined variable is rare case.
in ToffeeScript function m is hoisted, and will run function m() as Javascript does.
Code Examples
Left: ToffeeScript
Right: Generated JavaScript
Basic
x, y = a! b
console.log x, y
var x, y,
_this = this;
a(b, function() {
x = arguments[0], y = arguments[1];
return console.log(x, y);
});
if (i) {
a(function() {
x = arguments[0];
_$$_0();
});
} else {
b(function() {
y = arguments[0];
_$$_0();
});
}
function _$$_0() {
return console.log(x, y);
};
Async in condition
if e = a!
return cb(e)
foo()
var e,
_this = this;
a(function() {
_$cb$_2(e = arguments[0]);
});
function _$cb$2($$0) {
if ($$_0) {
return cb(e);
} else {
_$$_1();
}
function _$$_1() {
return foo();
};
};
Async in condition with multi return
Async call always return first argument
if e, data = fs.readFile! 'foo'
return cb(e)
console.log data
var data, e,
_this = this;
fs.readFile('foo', function() {
_$cb$_2((e = arguments[0], data = arguments[1], e));
});
function _$cb$2($$0) {
if ($$_0) {
return cb(e);
} else {
_$$_1();
}
function _$$_1() {
return console.log(data);
};
};
Loop
Support For In, For Of, While with guard when
xs = for i in [1..3] when i > 2
a!
# return arguments[0] in default
var i, xs, _$res$_1, _i,
_this = this;
_$res$_1 = [];
i = _i = 1;
function _step() {
i = ++_i;
_body();
};
function _body() {
if (i <= 3) {
if (i > 2) {
a(function($$_2) {
step($res$1.push($$_2));
});
} else {
_step();
}
} else {
_done();
}
};
function _done() {
_$cb$0($res$_1);
};
_body();
function _$cb$_0() {
return xs = arguments[0];
};
Mathematics
x = a! + b! * c!
var x,
_this = this;
a(function(_$$1) {
b(function($$3) {
c(function($$_4) {
_$cb$2($$_3 * _$$_4);
});
});
function _$cb$2($$_5) {
_$cb$0($$_1 + _$$_5);
};
});
function _$cb$_0() {
return x = arguments[0];
};
Object
A =
a: a
b: b!
c: c
var A, _$$_1,
_this = this;
_$$1 = a;
b(function($$_2) {
_$cb$_0({
a: _$$_1,
b: _$$_2,
c: c
});
});
function _$cb$_0() {
return A = arguments[0];
};
Logical
Support ||, &&, ?, &&=, ||=, ?=
x = a! || b!
console.log x
var x,
_this = this;
a(function(_$$1) {
if ($$_1) {
_$cb$3($$1);
} else {
b(function($$_2) {
_$cb$3($$_2);
});
}
});
function _$cb$3($$_4) {
_$cb$0($$_4);
};
function _$cb$_0() {
x = arguments[0];
return console.log(x);
};
Auto Callback
a = (autocb) -> return 3
function a(autocb) {
return autocb(3);
};
Return Multiple Values
a = (autocb) -> return null, 3
function a(autocb) {
return autocb(null, 3);
};
Autocb with default args
a = (paramA, autocb(e, data)) ->
e = foo!
if something
data = 1
else
data = 2
function a(paramA, autocb) {
var data, e,
_this = this;
foo(function() {
e = arguments[0];
if (something) {
data = 1;
autocb(e, data);
} else {
data = 2;
autocb(e, data);
}
});
};
