At the heart of the Kundera lies kundera-core (or Kundera Kernel) which contains implementations for JPA interfaces. It's also responsible for common core functionalities provided by Kundera. Some of them are:

• Classpath reading and metadata management.
• Parsing configuration file (persistence.xml) and populating metadata.
• Persistence Context management.
• Secondary index management.
• L1 and L2 cache management.
• Query parser.
• Automatic schema generation.
• Annotation processor.
• Transaction Management.
• Utilities among others.

User applications interact with JPA interfaces that are implemented by Kundera persistence provider. On top of kundera-core, we have different modules for different datastores. Each module has its own client. Clients use low level libraries (or drivers) for interacting with underlying datastore.

A graphical representation of Kundera Architecture is shown below:

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