# no error, but warning: uses 48GB virtual memory
$ ./perl -Ilib  -E 'my @x; $x[0x7FFF_FFF0] = "Hello"; sub x { @x } my @y = grep defined, x();'
# crash:
$ ./perl -Ilib  -E 'my @x; $x[0x8000_0000] = "Hello"; sub x { @x } my @y = grep defined, x();'
Segmentation fault
$ gdb --args  ./perl -Ilib  -E 'my @x; $x[0x8000_0000] = "Hello"; sub x { @x } my @y = grep defined, x();'
...
Program received signal SIGSEGV, Segmentation fault.
0x00005555556fa0c2 in Perl_pp_grepwhile () at pp_hot.c:4874
4874            if (SvPADTMP(src)) {
(gdb) p PL_markstack_ptr[0]
$1 = -2147483648
(gdb)

Summary of my perl5 (revision 5 version 37 subversion 10) configuration:
  Commit id: 7a993362d98aecd43ecb9827773e5bd30947a5a2
  Platform:
    osname=linux
    osvers=5.10.0-21-amd64
    archname=x86_64-linux
    uname='linux venus 5.10.0-21-amd64 #1 smp debian 5.10.162-1 (2023-01-21) x86_64 gnulinux '
    config_args='-des -Dusedevel -DDEBUGGING'
    hint=recommended
    useposix=true
    d_sigaction=define
    useithreads=undef
    usemultiplicity=undef
    use64bitint=define
    use64bitall=define
    uselongdouble=undef
    usemymalloc=n
    default_inc_excludes_dot=define
  Compiler:
    cc='cc'
    ccflags ='-fwrapv -DDEBUGGING -fno-strict-aliasing -pipe -fstack-protector-strong -I/usr/local/include -D_LARGEFILE_SOURCE -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64 -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2'
    optimize='-O2 -g'
    cppflags='-fwrapv -DDEBUGGING -fno-strict-aliasing -pipe -fstack-protector-strong -I/usr/local/include'
    ccversion=''
    gccversion='10.2.1 20210110'
    gccosandvers=''
    intsize=4
    longsize=8
    ptrsize=8
    doublesize=8
    byteorder=12345678
    doublekind=3
    d_longlong=define
    longlongsize=8
    d_longdbl=define
    longdblsize=16
    longdblkind=3
    ivtype='long'
    ivsize=8
    nvtype='double'
    nvsize=8
    Off_t='off_t'
    lseeksize=8
    alignbytes=8
    prototype=define
  Linker and Libraries:
    ld='cc'
    ldflags =' -fstack-protector-strong -L/usr/local/lib'
    libpth=/usr/local/lib /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu /usr/lib /usr/lib64
    libs=-lpthread -lgdbm -ldl -lm -lcrypt -lutil -lc -lgdbm_compat
    perllibs=-lpthread -ldl -lm -lcrypt -lutil -lc
    libc=libc-2.31.so
    so=so
    useshrplib=false
    libperl=libperl.a
    gnulibc_version='2.31'
  Dynamic Linking:
    dlsrc=dl_dlopen.xs
    dlext=so
    d_dlsymun=undef
    ccdlflags='-Wl,-E'
    cccdlflags='-fPIC'
    lddlflags='-shared -O2 -g -L/usr/local/lib -fstack-protector-strong'
Characteristics of this binary (from libperl): 
  Compile-time options:
    DEBUGGING
    HAS_TIMES
    PERLIO_LAYERS
    PERL_COPY_ON_WRITE
    PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
    PERL_HASH_FUNC_SIPHASH13
    PERL_HASH_USE_SBOX32
    PERL_MALLOC_WRAP
    PERL_OP_PARENT
    PERL_PRESERVE_IVUV
    PERL_USE_DEVEL
    PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV
    USE_64_BIT_ALL
    USE_64_BIT_INT
    USE_LARGE_FILES
    USE_LOCALE
    USE_LOCALE_COLLATE
    USE_LOCALE_CTYPE
    USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC
    USE_LOCALE_TIME
    USE_PERLIO
    USE_PERL_ATOF
  Built under linux
  Compiled at Mar  9 2023 14:35:48
  %ENV:
    PERLBREW_BASHRC_VERSION="0.43"
    PERLBREW_HOME="/home/tony/.perlbrew"
    PERLBREW_MANPATH=""
    PERLBREW_PATH="/home/tony/perl5/perlbrew/bin"
    PERLBREW_ROOT="/home/tony/perl5/perlbrew"
    PERLBREW_VERSION="0.67"
  @INC:
    lib
    /usr/local/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.37.10/x86_64-linux
    /usr/local/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.37.10
    /usr/local/lib/perl5/5.37.10/x86_64-linux
    /usr/local/lib/perl5/5.37.10