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Fleeing the Revolution: The Exodus of Cuban Jewry in the Early 1960s
- Dana Evan Kaplan
- Cuban Studies
- University of Pittsburgh Press
- Volume 36, 2005
- pp. 129-154
- 10.1353/cub.2005.0036
- Article
- Additional Information
The Cuban Revolution's economic policies destroyed the island's Jewish community as it had been in the 1950s, leaving only a small contingent remaining on the island. Most Jews were middle-class businessmen and the revolution's socialist policies undermined the economic basis of the community. This article describes the events that led up to the mass emigration, the process of the emigration itself, and the financial consequences of the emigration for those who left and those who remained behind. As more restrictive laws governing emigration were passed, it became more difficult to leave the country and certainly to take out assets. The Hebrew Immigrant Aid Society (HIAS) organized a registration process in Havana and facilitated flights and resettlement. Of particular note were a small number of Jewish children who emigrated without their parents as part of Operación Pedro Pan. In recent years, some of the Cuban Jews who fled Castro have returned to visit the remaining Jewish community and in some cases contribute to its redevelopment.
La comunidad judía de Cuba de los años cincuenta quedó destrozada por las políticas económicas de la revolución. Apenas un número muy reducido de judíos permaneció en la isla. La mayoría de los judíos eran hombres de negocios de clase media y las políticas socialistas de la revolución minaron la base económica de esta comunidad. Este artículo describe los acontecimientos que condujeron a la emigración masiva, el proceso de emigración en sí y las consecuencias financieras del éxodo, tanto para los emigrantes como para aquellos que se quedaron. A medida que se aprobaron leyes de emigración cada vez más restrictivas, salir del país y sacar bienes resultaba más difícil. La Sociedad Hebrea de Ayuda al Inmigrante (HIAS) organizó un proceso de registro en La Habana y facilitó vuelos y el reasentamiento de judíos cubanos fuera de la isla. En particular, se destaca un grupo pequeño de niños judíos que emigraron sin sus padres como parte de la Operación Pedro Pan. En años más recientes, algunos de los judíos cubanos que huyeron del régimen de Castro han regresado al país para visitar la comunidad judía y, en algunos casos, contribuir a su reconstrucción.
ISSN | 1548-2464 |
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Print ISSN | 0361-4441 |
Pages | pp. 129-154 |
Launched on MUSE | 2005-12-28 |
Open Access | No |
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