Uint8Array.prototype.toBase64()

toBase64()
toBase64(options)

const uint8Array = new Uint8Array([29, 233, 101, 161]);
console.log(uint8Array.toBase64()); // "HelloQ=="

const uint8Array = new Uint8Array([29, 233, 101, 161]);
console.log(uint8Array.toBase64({ omitPadding: true })); // "HelloQ"

const uint8Array = new Uint8Array([46, 139, 222, 255, 42, 46]);
const base64 = uint8Array.toBase64({ alphabet: "base64url" });
const params = new URLSearchParams();
params.set("data", base64);
console.log(params.toString()); // "data=Love_you"

class Base64Encoder {
  #extra;
  #extraLength;
  constructor() {
    this.#extra = new Uint8Array(3);
    this.#extraLength = 0;
  }
  // 部分的に https://github.com/lucacasonato/base64_streams/blob/main/src/iterator/encoder.ts から派生
  encode(chunk = Uint8Array.of(), options = {}) {
    const stream = options.stream ?? false;
    if (this.#extraLength > 0) {
      const bytesNeeded = 3 - this.#extraLength;
      const bytesAvailable = Math.min(bytesNeeded, chunk.length);
      this.#extra.set(chunk.subarray(0, bytesAvailable), this.#extraLength);
      chunk = chunk.subarray(bytesAvailable);
      this.#extraLength += bytesAvailable;
    }
    if (!stream) {
      // assert: this.#extraLength.length === 0 || this.#extraLength === 3 || chunk.length === 0
      const prefix = this.#extra.subarray(0, this.#extraLength).toBase64();
      this.#extraLength = 0;
      return prefix + chunk.toBase64();
    }
    let extraReturn = "";
    if (this.#extraLength === 3) {
      extraReturn = this.#extra.toBase64();
      this.#extraLength = 0;
    }
    const remainder = chunk.length % 3;
    if (remainder > 0) {
      this.#extra.set(chunk.subarray(chunk.length - remainder));
      this.#extraLength = remainder;
      chunk = chunk.subarray(0, chunk.length - remainder);
    }
    return extraReturn + chunk.toBase64();
  }
}
const encoder = new Base64Encoder();
console.log(
  encoder.encode(Uint8Array.of(72, 101, 108, 108, 111), { stream: true }),
);
// "SGVs"
console.log(
  encoder.encode(Uint8Array.of(32, 87, 111, 114, 108, 100), { stream: true }),
);
// "bG8gV29y"
console.log(encoder.encode());
// "bGQ="