exp()

/* <number> 値 */
width: calc(100px * exp(-1)); /* 100px * 0.367879441171442 = 36px */
width: calc(100px * exp(0)); /* 100px * 1 = 100px */
width: calc(100px * exp(1)); /* 100px * 2.718281828459045 = 217px */

<div class="box box-1"></div>
<div class="box box-2"></div>
<div class="box box-3"></div>
<div class="box box-4"></div>
<div class="box box-5"></div>

body {
  height: 100vh;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 50px;
}

div.box {
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  background: linear-gradient(orange, red);
}
div.box-1 {
  transform: rotate(calc(1turn * exp(-1))); /* 0.3678794411714423turn */
}
div.box-2 {
  transform: rotate(calc(1turn * exp(-0.75))); /* 0.4723665527410147turn */
}
div.box-3 {
  transform: rotate(calc(1turn * exp(-0.5))); /* 0.6065306597126334turn */
}
div.box-4 {
  transform: rotate(calc(1turn * exp(-0.25))); /* 0.7788007830714049turn */
}
div.box-5 {
  transform: rotate(calc(1turn * exp(0))); /* 1turn */
}

<h1>Heading 1</h1>
<h2>Heading 2</h2>
<h3>Heading 3</h3>
<h4>Heading 4</h4>
<h5>Heading 5</h5>
<h6>Heading 6</h6>

h1 {
  font-size: calc(1rem * exp(1.25)); /* 3.4903429574618414rem */
}
h2 {
  font-size: calc(1rem * exp(1)); /* 2.718281828459045rem */
}
h3 {
  font-size: calc(1rem * exp(0.75)); /* 2.117000016612675rem */
}
h4 {
  font-size: calc(1rem * exp(0.5)); /* 1.6487212707001282rem */
}
h5 {
  font-size: calc(1rem * exp(0.25)); /* 1.2840254166877414rem */
}
h6 {
  font-size: calc(1rem * exp(0)); /* 1rem */
}