algorithms/cpp/maxAreaOfIsland/MaxAreaOfIsland.cpp

// Source : https://leetcode.com/problems/max-area-of-island/
// Author : Hao Chen
// Date   : 2019-03-26

/***************************************************************************************************** 
 *
 * Given a non-empty 2D array grid of 0's and 1's, an island is a group of 1's (representing land) 
 * connected 4-directionally (horizontal or vertical.) You may assume all four edges of the grid are 
 * surrounded by water.
 * 
 * Find the maximum area of an island in the given 2D array. (If there is no island, the maximum area 
 * is 0.)
 * 
 * Example 1:
 * 
 * [[0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0],
 *  [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,0,0,0],
 *  [0,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],
 *  [0,1,0,0,1,1,0,0,1,0,1,0,0],
 *  [0,1,0,0,1,1,0,0,1,1,1,0,0],
 *  [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0],
 *  [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,0,0,0],
 *  [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0]]
 * 
 * Given the above grid, return 6. Note the answer is not 11, because the island must be connected 
 * 4-directionally.
 * 
 * Example 2:
 * 
 * [[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0]]
 * Given the above grid, return 0.
 * 
 * Note: The length of each dimension in the given grid does not exceed 50.
 ******************************************************************************************************/

class Solution {
public:
    int maxAreaOfIsland(vector<vector<int>>& grid) {
        int maxArea = 0;
        for (int i=0; i<grid.size(); i++) {
            for(int j=0; j<grid[0].size(); j++) {
                if ( grid[i][j] == 1 ) {
                    int area = 0;
                    maxAreaOfIsland_DFS(grid, i, j, area);
                    maxArea = max( maxArea, area );
                }
            }
        }
        return maxArea;
    }

    void maxAreaOfIsland_DFS( vector<vector<int>>& grid, int i, int j, int& area ) {
        if (i<0 || j<0 || i>=grid.size() || j>=grid[0].size() || grid[i][j] != 1 ) return;

        area++;
        grid[i][j] = -1;

        maxAreaOfIsland_DFS(grid, i-1, j, area);
        maxAreaOfIsland_DFS(grid, i+1, j, area);
        maxAreaOfIsland_DFS(grid, i, j-1, area);
        maxAreaOfIsland_DFS(grid, i, j+1, area);
    }
};